jQuery没有提供ajax的文件上传，我们可以通过ajaxfileupload实现ajax文件的上传。其实ajaxfileupload文件上传特别的简单。下面就演示一下在SpringMVC中实现ajax的文件上传。

1、后台接收代码

首先在spring的配置文件中添加文件上传配置

<!-- 文件上传 --><bean id="multipartResolver" class="org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartResolver"><property name="defaultEncoding" value="UTF-8"/> </bean>

再写文件接收的代码

package com.chinaunicom.jlmssp.controller;import java.io.File;import java.io.IOException;import java.util.Arrays;import java.util.Date;import java.util.HashMap;import javax.servlet.ServletContext;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest;import javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse;import javax.servlet.http.HttpSession;import org.apache.commons.fileupload.servlet.ServletFileUpload;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.stereotype.Controller;import org.springframework.ui.Model;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMethod;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.ResponseBody;import org.springframework.web.multipart.commons.CommonsMultipartFile;import com.chinaunicom.jlmssp.model.DataResponse;import com.chinaunicom.jlmssp.model.JavaToJsMsg;import com.chinaunicom.jlmssp.model.Org_UserInfo;import com.chinaunicom.jlmssp.model.Repaly_Expert_Home_Page;import com.chinaunicom.jlmssp.services.Replay_ExpertManageService;/** * 项目复制管理子系统 * 专家云管理 * @author SunYue * @version 0.1 */@Controller@RequestMapping("/admin/Replay_ExpertManageController.do")public class Replay_ExpertManageController { private static final HashMap<String, String> TypeMap = new HashMap<String, String>(); static { TypeMap.put("image", "gif,jpg,jpeg,png,bmp"); TypeMap.put("flash", "swf,flv"); TypeMap.put("media", "swf,flv,mp3,wav,wma,wmv,mid,avi,mpg,asf,rm,rmvb"); TypeMap.put("file", "doc,docx,xls,xlsx,ppt,pptx,htm,html,txt,dwg,pdf"); } @Autowired Replay_ExpertManageService replayExpertManageService; /** * @author sunyue * @date 2017年2月28日 下午12:49:33 * @Description: 图片上传方法 * @return message: -1 没有文件上传 0 上传成功 1 上传失败 2 文件超过上传大小 3 文件格式错误 4 上传文件路径非法 5 上传目录没有写权限 * @return void 返回类型 */ @RequestMapping(params = "op=getImageUpload", method = RequestMethod.POST) public void getImageUpload(@RequestParam("upload") CommonsMultipartFile file,HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) { if (!file.isEmpty()) { //获取项目工作空间下工程路径的方法，将图片保存到工程路径下 String t=Thread.currentThread().getContextClassLoader().getResource("").getPath(); int num=t.indexOf(".metadata"); String uploadPath=t.substring(1,num).replace('/', '\\')+"jl_mssp_V3_0\\WebContent\\images\\replay-expert\\"; // 文件上传大小 long fileSize = 3 * 1024 * 1024; if (file.getSize() > fileSize) { backInfo(response, false, 2, ""); return; } String OriginalFilename = file.getOriginalFilename(); String fileSuffix = OriginalFilename.substring( OriginalFilename.lastIndexOf(".") + 1).toLowerCase(); if (!Arrays.asList(TypeMap.get("image").split(",")).contains( fileSuffix)) { backInfo(response, false, 3, ""); return; } if (!ServletFileUpload.isMultipartContent(request)) { backInfo(response, false, -1, ""); return; } // 检查上传文件的目录 File uploadDir = new File(uploadPath); if (!uploadDir.isDirectory()) { if (!uploadDir.mkdir()) { backInfo(response, false, 4, ""); return; } } // 是否有上传的权限 if (!uploadDir.canWrite()) { backInfo(response, false, 5, ""); return; } //新文件名 String newname = ""; newname += "test1111" + "." + fileSuffix; File saveFile = new File(uploadPath, newname); try { file.transferTo(saveFile); backInfo(response, true, 0, newname); } catch (Exception e) { //LOG.error(e.getMessage(), e); backInfo(response, false, 1, ""); return; } } else { backInfo(response, false, -1, ""); return; } } // 返回信息 private void backInfo(HttpServletResponse response, boolean flag, int message, String fileName) { String json = ""; if (flag) { json = "{ \"status\": \"success"; } else { json = "{ \"status\": \"error"; } json += "\",\"fileName\": \"" + fileName + "\",\"message\": \"" + message + "\"}"; try { response.setContentType("text/html;charset=utf-8"); response.getWriter().write(json); } catch (IOException e) { //LOG.error(e.getMessage(), e); } }}

2、前台接受代码

使用ajaxfileupload时，首先下载ajaxfileupload文件，导入对应的js文件

<script type="text/javascript" src="js/ajaxfileupload.js"></script>

文件传输字段必须为file类型，如下：

<input type="file" id="file" name="file" onchange="ajaxFileUpload();"/>

其次，处理上传文件：

function ajaxFileUpload() { $.ajaxFileUpload({ type: "POST", async: false, data: { "op": 'getImageUpload'}, url:"Replay_ExpertManageController.do", dataType: 'json', secureuri: false, fileElementId: "upload", success: function(data, status) { if (data.status == "success") { //上传成功 alert("上传照片成功"); } switch(data.message){ //解析上传状态 case "0" : //上传成功 break; case "-1" : //上传文件不能为空 break; default: //上传失败 break; } return false; } });}

三、由于网上的ajaxuploadfile文件都是高版本的，这里将改版完全版文件传上，自己使用

jQuery.extend({ handleError: function( s, xhr, status, e ) { // If a local callback was specified, fire it if ( s.error ) { s.error.call( s.context || s, xhr, status, e ); } // Fire the global callback if ( s.global ) { (s.context ? jQuery(s.context) : jQuery.event).trigger( "ajaxError", [xhr, s, e] ); } }, createUploadIframe: function(id, uri) { var frameId = 'jUploadFrame' + id; if(window.ActiveXObject) { if(jQuery.browser.version=="9.0") { io = document.createElement('iframe'); io.id = frameId; io.name = frameId; } else if(jQuery.browser.version=="6.0" || jQuery.browser.version=="7.0" || jQuery.browser.version=="8.0") { var io = document.createElement('<iframe id="' + frameId + '" name="' + frameId + '" />'); if(typeof uri== 'boolean'){ io.src = 'javascript:false'; } else if(typeof uri== 'string'){ io.src = uri; } } } else { var io = document.createElement('iframe'); io.id = frameId; io.name = frameId; } io.style.position = 'absolute'; io.style.top = '-1000px'; io.style.left = '-1000px'; document.body.appendChild(io); return io; }, ajaxUpload:function(s,xml){ //if((fromFiles.nodeType&&!((fileList=fromFiles.files)&&fileList[0].name))) var uid = new Date().getTime(),idIO='jUploadFrame'+uid,_this=this; var jIO=$('<iframe name="'+idIO+'" id="'+idIO+'" style="display:none">').appendTo('body'); var jForm=$('<form action="'+s.url+'" target="'+idIO+'" method="post" enctype="multipart/form-data"></form>').appendTo('body'); var oldElement = $('#'+s.fileElementId); var newElement = $(oldElement).clone(); $(oldElement).attr('id', 'jUploadFile'+uid); $(oldElement).before(newElement); $(oldElement).appendTo(jForm); this.remove=function() { if(_this!==null) { jNewFile.before(jOldFile).remove(); jIO.remove();jForm.remove(); _this=null; } } this.onLoad=function(){ var data=$(jIO[0].contentWindow.document.body).text(); try{ if(data!=undefined){ data = eval('(' + data + ')'); try { if (s.success) s.success(data, status); // Fire the global callback if(s.global) jQuery.event.trigger("ajaxSuccess", [xml, s]); if (s.complete) s.complete(data, status); xml = null; } catch(e) { status = "error"; jQuery.handleError(s, xml, status, e); } // The request was completed if(s.global) jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxComplete", [xml, s] ); // Handle the global AJAX counter if (s.global && ! --jQuery.active ) jQuery.event.trigger("ajaxStop"); // Process result } }catch(ex){ alert(ex.message); }; } this.start=function(){jForm.submit();jIO.load(_this.onLoad);}; return this; }, createUploadForm: function(id, url,fileElementId, data) { //create form var formId = 'jUploadForm' + id; var fileId = 'jUploadFile' + id; var form = jQuery('<form action="'+url+'" method="POST" name="' + formId + '" id="' + formId + '" enctype="multipart/form-data"></form>'); if(data) { for(var i in data) { jQuery('<input type="hidden" name="' + i + '" value="' + data[i] + '" />').appendTo(form); } } var oldElement = jQuery('#' + fileElementId); var newElement = jQuery(oldElement).clone(); jQuery(oldElement).attr('id', fileId); jQuery(oldElement).before(newElement); jQuery(oldElement).appendTo(form); //set attributes jQuery(form).css('position', 'absolute'); jQuery(form).css('top', '-1200px'); jQuery(form).css('left', '-1200px'); jQuery(form).appendTo('body'); return form; }, ajaxFileUpload: function(s) { // TODO introduce global settings, allowing the client to modify them for all requests, not only timeout // Create the request object var xml = {}; s = jQuery.extend({}, jQuery.ajaxSettings, s); if(window.ActiveXObject){ var upload = new jQuery.ajaxUpload(s,xml); upload.start(); }else{ var id = new Date().getTime(); var form = jQuery.createUploadForm(id,s.url, s.fileElementId, (typeof(s.data)=='undefined'?false:s.data)); var io = jQuery.createUploadIframe(id, s.secureuri); var frameId = 'jUploadFrame' + id; var formId = 'jUploadForm' + id; // Watch for a new set of requests if ( s.global && ! jQuery.active++ ) { jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxStart" ); } var requestDone = false; if ( s.global ) jQuery.event.trigger("ajaxSend", [xml, s]); // Wait for a response to come back var uploadCallback = function(isTimeout) { var io = document.getElementById(frameId); try { if(io.contentWindow) { xml.responseText = io.contentWindow.document.body?io.contentWindow.document.body.innerHTML:null; xml.responseXML = io.contentWindow.document.XMLDocument?io.contentWindow.document.XMLDocument:io.contentWindow.document; }else if(io.contentDocument) { xml.responseText = io.contentDocument.document.body?io.contentDocument.document.body.innerHTML:null; xml.responseXML = io.contentDocument.document.XMLDocument?io.contentDocument.document.XMLDocument:io.contentDocument.document; } }catch(e) { jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e); } if ( xml || isTimeout == "timeout") { requestDone = true; var status; try { status = isTimeout != "timeout" ? "success" : "error"; // Make sure that the request was successful or notmodified if ( status != "error" ) { // process the data (runs the xml through httpData regardless of callback) var data = jQuery.uploadHttpData(xml, s.dataType); // If a local callback was specified, fire it and pass it the data if (s.success) s.success(data, status); // Fire the global callback if(s.global) jQuery.event.trigger("ajaxSuccess", [xml, s]); if (s.complete) s.complete(data, status); } else jQuery.handleError(s, xml, status); } catch(e) { status = "error"; jQuery.handleError(s, xml, status, e); } // The request was completed if(s.global) jQuery.event.trigger( "ajaxComplete", [xml, s] ); // Handle the global AJAX counter if (s.global && ! --jQuery.active ) jQuery.event.trigger("ajaxStop"); // Process result jQuery(io).unbind(); setTimeout(function() { try { jQuery(io).remove(); jQuery(form).remove(); } catch(e) { jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e); } }, 100); xml = null; } }; // Timeout checker if (s.timeout>0) { setTimeout(function(){ // Check to see if the request is still happening if( !requestDone ) uploadCallback("timeout"); }, s.timeout); } try { var form = jQuery('#' + formId); jQuery(form).attr('action', s.url); jQuery(form).attr('method', 'POST'); jQuery(form).attr('target', frameId); if(form.encoding) { jQuery(form).attr('encoding', 'multipart/form-data'); } else { jQuery(form).attr('enctype', 'multipart/form-data'); } jQuery(form).submit(); } catch(e) { jQuery.handleError(s, xml, null, e); } jQuery('#'+ frameId).load(uploadCallback); return {abort: function () {}}; } }, uploadHttpData: function( r, type ) { var data = !type; data = type == "xml" || data ? r.responseXML : r.responseText; // If the type is "script", eval it in global context if ( type == "script" ) jQuery.globalEval( data ); // Get the JavaScript object, if JSON is used. if ( type == "json" ){ eval( "data = " + $(data).html() ); } // evaluate scripts within html if ( type == "html" ) jQuery("<div>").html(data).evalScripts(); return data; }});

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