背景

Springboot 默认把异常的处理集中到一个ModelAndView中了，但项目的实际过程中，这样做，并不能满足我们的要求。具体的自定义异常的处理，参看以下

具体实现

如果仔细看完spring boot的异常处理详解，并且研究过源码后，我觉得具体的实现可以不用看了。。。

重写定义错误页面的url，默认只有一个/error

@Bean public EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer containerCustomizer(){ return new EmbeddedServletContainerCustomizer(){ @Override public void customize(ConfigurableEmbeddedServletContainer container) { container.addErrorPages(new ErrorPage(HttpStatus.NOT_FOUND, "/error/404")); container.addErrorPages(new ErrorPage(HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR, "/error/500")); container.addErrorPages(new ErrorPage(java.lang.Throwable.class,"/error/500")); } }; }

重写通过实现ErrorController，重写BasicErrorController的功能实现

/** * 重写BasicErrorController,主要负责系统的异常页面的处理以及错误信息的显示 * @see org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController * @see org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.ErrorMvcAutoConfiguration * * @author Jonathan * @version 2016/5/31 11:22 * @since JDK 7.0+ */@Controller@RequestMapping(value = "error")@EnableConfigurationProperties({ServerProperties.class})public class ExceptionController implements ErrorController { private ErrorAttributes errorAttributes; @Autowired private ServerProperties serverProperties; /** * 初始化ExceptionController * @param errorAttributes */ @Autowired public ExceptionController(ErrorAttributes errorAttributes) { Assert.notNull(errorAttributes, "ErrorAttributes must not be null"); this.errorAttributes = errorAttributes; } /** * 定义404的ModelAndView * @param request * @param response * @return */ @RequestMapping(produces = "text/html",value = "404") public ModelAndView errorHtml404(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) { response.setStatus(getStatus(request).value()); Map<String, Object> model = getErrorAttributes(request, isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML)); return new ModelAndView("error/404", model); } /** * 定义404的JSON数据 * @param request * @return */ @RequestMapping(value = "404") @ResponseBody public ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>> error404(HttpServletRequest request) { Map<String, Object> body = getErrorAttributes(request, isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML)); HttpStatus status = getStatus(request); return new ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>>(body, status); } /** * 定义500的ModelAndView * @param request * @param response * @return */ @RequestMapping(produces = "text/html",value = "500") public ModelAndView errorHtml500(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) { response.setStatus(getStatus(request).value()); Map<String, Object> model = getErrorAttributes(request, isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML)); return new ModelAndView("error/500", model); } /** * 定义500的错误JSON信息 * @param request * @return */ @RequestMapping(value = "500") @ResponseBody public ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>> error500(HttpServletRequest request) { Map<String, Object> body = getErrorAttributes(request, isIncludeStackTrace(request, MediaType.TEXT_HTML)); HttpStatus status = getStatus(request); return new ResponseEntity<Map<String, Object>>(body, status); } /** * Determine if the stacktrace attribute should be included. * @param request the source request * @param produces the media type produced (or {@code MediaType.ALL}) * @return if the stacktrace attribute should be included */ protected boolean isIncludeStackTrace(HttpServletRequest request, MediaType produces) { ErrorProperties.IncludeStacktrace include = this.serverProperties.getError().getIncludeStacktrace(); if (include == ErrorProperties.IncludeStacktrace.ALWAYS) { return true; } if (include == ErrorProperties.IncludeStacktrace.ON_TRACE_PARAM) { return getTraceParameter(request); } return false; } /** * 获取错误的信息 * @param request * @param includeStackTrace * @return */ private Map<String, Object> getErrorAttributes(HttpServletRequest request, boolean includeStackTrace) { RequestAttributes requestAttributes = new ServletRequestAttributes(request); return this.errorAttributes.getErrorAttributes(requestAttributes, includeStackTrace); } /** * 是否包含trace * @param request * @return */ private boolean getTraceParameter(HttpServletRequest request) { String parameter = request.getParameter("trace"); if (parameter == null) { return false; } return !"false".equals(parameter.toLowerCase()); } /** * 获取错误编码 * @param request * @return */ private HttpStatus getStatus(HttpServletRequest request) { Integer statusCode = (Integer) request .getAttribute("javax.servlet.error.status_code"); if (statusCode == null) { return HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR; } try { return HttpStatus.valueOf(statusCode); } catch (Exception ex) { return HttpStatus.INTERNAL_SERVER_ERROR; } } /** * 实现错误路径,暂时无用 * @see ExceptionMvcAutoConfiguration#containerCustomizer() * @return */ @Override public String getErrorPath() { return ""; }}

总结

第一步，通过定义containerCustomizer,重写定义了异常处理对应的视图。目前定义了404和500，可以继续扩展。

第二步，重写BasicErrorController,当然可以直接定义一个普通的controller类，直接实现第一步定义的视图的方法。重写的目的是重用ErrorAttributes。这样在页面，直接可以获取到status,message,exception,trace等内容。

如果仅仅是把异常处理的视图作为静态页面，不需要看到异常信息内容的话，直接第一步后，再定义error/404，error/500等静态视图即可。

ErrorController根据Accept头的内容，输出不同格式的错误响应。比如针对浏览器的请求生成html页面，针对其它请求生成json格式的返回

以上两步的操作，比网上流传的更能实现自定义化。希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。