WPF的InkCanvas就是一个画板，可以在上面随意涂鸦，每写上一笔，InkCanvas的Strokes集合里就新增一个涂鸦对象，下面的代码演示了基本的操作。

效果图

xaml代码

<Window x:Class="WPF_InkCanvas.MainWindow" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml" xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" xmlns:local="clr-namespace:WPF_InkCanvas" mc:Ignorable="d" Title="MainWindow" Height="450" Width="800"> <Grid> <Grid.RowDefinitions> <RowDefinition/> <RowDefinition Height="auto"/> <RowDefinition Height="auto"/> </Grid.RowDefinitions> <Image Name="imgMeasure" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Stretch="Uniform"/> <InkCanvas Name="inkCanvasMeasure" EditingMode="None" Background="Transparent" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Width="{Binding ElementName=imgMeasure, Path=ActualWidth}" Height="{Binding ElementName=imgMeasure, Path=ActualHeight}" > <!--MouseDown="InkCanvasMeasure_MouseDown" MouseMove="InkCanvasMeasure_MouseMove"--> <Label Content="{Binding MeaInfo}" Background="Transparent" HorizontalAlignment="Left" VerticalAlignment="Top" Margin="10" FontSize="18" Foreground="Red" IsHitTestVisible="False"/> </InkCanvas> <Grid Grid.Row="1"> <Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <ColumnDefinition/> <ColumnDefinition/> <ColumnDefinition/> <ColumnDefinition/> <ColumnDefinition/> </Grid.ColumnDefinitions> <RadioButton Grid.Column="0" Content="绘制墨迹" Click="RadioButton_Click"/> <RadioButton Grid.Column="1" Content="按点擦除" Click="RadioButton_Click"/> <RadioButton Grid.Column="2" Content="按线擦除" Click="RadioButton_Click"/> <RadioButton Grid.Column="3" Content="选中墨迹" Click="RadioButton_Click"/> <RadioButton Grid.Column="4" Content="停止操作" Click="RadioButton_Click"/> </Grid> <StackPanel Grid.Row="2" Orientation="Horizontal"> <Button Content="OpenFile" Margin="5" HorizontalAlignment="Left" FontSize="20" Click="OpenFile_Click"/> <Button Content="SaveInkCanvas" Margin="5" HorizontalAlignment="Left" FontSize="20" Click="SaveInkCanvas_Click"/> <Button Content="LoadInkCanvas" Margin="5" HorizontalAlignment="Left" FontSize="20" Click="LoadInkCanvas_Click"/> <Button Content="CopyInkCanvas" Margin="5" HorizontalAlignment="Left" FontSize="20" Click="CopyInkCanvas_Click"/> <Button Content="PasteInkCanvas" Margin="5" HorizontalAlignment="Left" FontSize="20" Click="PasteInkCanvas_Click"/> </StackPanel> </Grid></Window>

后台代码

using Microsoft.Win32;using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.IO;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks;using System.Windows;using System.Windows.Controls;using System.Windows.Data;using System.Windows.Documents;using System.Windows.Ink;using System.Windows.Input;using System.Windows.Media;using System.Windows.Media.Imaging;using System.Windows.Navigation;using System.Windows.Shapes; namespace WPF_InkCanvas{ /// <summary> /// MainWindow.xaml 的交互逻辑 /// </summary> public partial class MainWindow : Window { ViewModel viewModel; public MainWindow() { InitializeComponent(); DrawingAttributes drawingAttributes = new DrawingAttributes { Color = Colors.Red, Width = 2, Height = 2, StylusTip = StylusTip.Rectangle, FitToCurve = true, IsHighlighter = false, IgnorePressure = true, }; inkCanvasMeasure.DefaultDrawingAttributes = drawingAttributes; viewModel = new ViewModel { MeaInfo = "测试······", }; DataContext = viewModel; } private void InkCanvasMeasure_MouseDown(object sender, MouseButtonEventArgs e) { } private void InkCanvasMeasure_MouseMove(object sender, MouseEventArgs e) { } private void OpenFile_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { OpenFileDialog openDialog = new OpenFileDialog { Filter = "Image Files (*.jpg)|*.jpg|Image Files (*.png)|*.png|Image Files (*.bmp)|*.bmp", Title = "Open Image File" }; if (openDialog.ShowDialog() == true) { BitmapImage image = new BitmapImage(); image.BeginInit(); image.UriSource = new Uri(openDialog.FileName, UriKind.RelativeOrAbsolute); image.EndInit(); imgMeasure.Source = image; } } private void RadioButton_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { if ((sender as RadioButton).Content.ToString() == "绘制墨迹") { inkCanvasMeasure.EditingMode = InkCanvasEditingMode.Ink; } else if ((sender as RadioButton).Content.ToString() == "按点擦除") { inkCanvasMeasure.EditingMode = InkCanvasEditingMode.EraseByPoint; } else if ((sender as RadioButton).Content.ToString() == "按线擦除") { inkCanvasMeasure.EditingMode = InkCanvasEditingMode.EraseByStroke; } else if ((sender as RadioButton).Content.ToString() == "选中墨迹") { inkCanvasMeasure.EditingMode = InkCanvasEditingMode.Select; } else if ((sender as RadioButton).Content.ToString() == "停止操作") { inkCanvasMeasure.EditingMode = InkCanvasEditingMode.None; } } private void SaveInkCanvas_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { FileStream fileStream = new FileStream("inkCanvas.isf", FileMode.Create, FileAccess.ReadWrite); inkCanvasMeasure.Strokes.Save(fileStream); fileStream.Close(); } private void LoadInkCanvas_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { FileStream fileStream = new FileStream("inkCanvas.isf", FileMode.Open, FileAccess.Read); inkCanvasMeasure.Strokes = new StrokeCollection(fileStream); fileStream.Close(); } private void CopyInkCanvas_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { inkCanvasMeasure.CopySelection(); } private void PasteInkCanvas_Click(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e) { inkCanvasMeasure.Paste(); } }}

ViewModel.cs代码

using System;using System.Collections.Generic;using System.ComponentModel;using System.Linq;using System.Text;using System.Threading.Tasks; namespace WPF_InkCanvas{ class ViewModel : INotifyPropertyChanged { public event PropertyChangedEventHandler PropertyChanged; protected virtual void OnPropertyChanged(string propertyName = null) { if (PropertyChanged != null) PropertyChanged.Invoke(this, new PropertyChangedEventArgs(propertyName)); } private string meaInfo; public string MeaInfo { get => meaInfo; set { meaInfo = value; OnPropertyChanged("MeaInfo"); } } }}

补充说明：将Image和InkCanvas放到一个Grid里，并且将InkCanvas的长宽绑定到Image，这样Image和InkCanvas的位置就是对应的，方便我后续在InkCanvas上提取Image的感兴趣区域；InkCanvas里加了一个Label可以实现类似图片上添加文字说明的功能，要设置Label的IsHitTestVisible="False"，不然点击事件就没办法触发了。

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