一.简介

SpringCloud是基于Restful的远程调用框架，引入Ribbon负载均衡组件后还需要客户端使用RestTemplate调用远程接口，操作起来还显得繁琐。SpringCloud提供了远程接口映射，将远程Restful服务映射为远程接口，消费端注入远程接口即可实现方法调用。

二.流程

1.新建远程接口映射模块service-api，并引入Feign接口映射依赖

<dependencies> <dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.cloud</groupId> <artifactId>spring-cloud-starter-feign</artifactId> </dependency></dependencies>

2.编写接口映射接口

package com.vincent.service;import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.FeignClient;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RequestParam;@FeignClient("SERVICE-USER")@RequestMapping("/service-user")public interface IUserService { @GetMapping("/detail") Object detail(@RequestParam("id") Integer id);}

3.配置消费端application.yml

server: port: 9001eureka: client: service-url: defaultZone: http://localhost:7001/service-eureka/eureka register-with-eureka: false

4.消费端添加映射模块依赖

<dependency> <groupId>com.vincent</groupId> <artifactId>service-api</artifactId> <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version></dependency>

5.客户端注入需要使用的服务接口映射

package com.vincent.controller;import com.vincent.service.IUserService;import org.springframework.beans.factory.annotation.Autowired;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.GetMapping;import org.springframework.web.bind.annotation.RestController;@RestControllerpublic class UserController { @Autowired private IUserService userService; @GetMapping("/detail") public Object detail(Integer id){ return this.userService.detail(id); }}

5.编写消费端启动类

package com.vincent;import org.springframework.boot.SpringApplication;import org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.SpringBootApplication;import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.eureka.EnableEurekaClient;import org.springframework.cloud.netflix.feign.EnableFeignClients;@SpringBootApplication@EnableFeignClients({"com.vincent.service"})@EnableEurekaClientpublic class ConsumerApp { public static void main(String[] args) { SpringApplication.run(ConsumerApp.class,args); }}

@EnableFeignClients 定义Feign接口映射扫描包，IOC容器会自动创建接口实现类

6.访问 http://localhost:9001/detail?id=1

三.总结

Feign接口映射服务端Restful接口会自动依赖Ribbon组件，实现客户端负载均衡。使用接口调用消费端远程接口就像调用本地方法一样。

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