Spring Boot，作为Spring框架对“约定优先于配置(Convention Over Configuration)”理念的最佳实践的产物，它能帮助我们很快捷的创建出独立运行、产品级别的基于Spring框架的应用，大部分Spring Boot应用只需要非常少的配置就可以快速运行起来，是一个与微服务(MicroServices)相当契合的微框架。

1. Spring Boot应用打包

Spring Boot应用可以打成jar包，其中内嵌tomcat，因此可以直接启动使用。但是在Spring Boot应用启动之前，首先需要进行打包，本文讲述的是Maven工程的打包，打包需要的前提条件(pom.xml文件中的内容)是：

...<packaging>jar</packaging>...<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-web</artifactId></dependency>...<build> <plugins> <plugin> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-maven-plugin</artifactId> <configuration> <mainClass>com.***.Application</mainClass> </configuration> <executions> <execution> <goals> <goal>repackage</goal> </goals> </execution> </executions> </plugin> </plugins></build>...

打包命令为：

mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true# Demo$ mvn clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true[INFO] Scanning for projects...[WARNING] [WARNING] Some problems were encountered while building the effective model for com.example:myproject:jar:0.0.1-SNAPSHOT[WARNING] 'build.plugins.plugin.version' for org.springframework.boot:spring-boot-maven-plugin is missing. @ line 38, column 17[WARNING] [WARNING] It is highly recommended to fix these problems because they threaten the stability of your build.[WARNING] [WARNING] For this reason, future Maven versions might no longer support building such malformed projects.[WARNING] [INFO] [INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------[INFO] Building myproject 0.0.1-SNAPSHOT[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------[INFO] [INFO] --- maven-clean-plugin:2.5:clean (default-clean) @ myproject ---[INFO] Deleting /Users/ltc/Spring Boot Demo/target[INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:resources (default-resources) @ myproject ---[WARNING] Using platform encoding (UTF-8 actually) to copy filtered resources, i.e. build is platform dependent![INFO] Copying 1 resource[INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:compile (default-compile) @ myproject ---[INFO] Changes detected - recompiling the module![WARNING] File encoding has not been set, using platform encoding UTF-8, i.e. build is platform dependent![INFO] Compiling 1 source file to /Users/ltc/Spring Boot Demo/target/classes[INFO] [INFO] --- maven-resources-plugin:2.6:testResources (default-testResources) @ myproject ---[INFO] Not copying test resources[INFO] [INFO] --- maven-compiler-plugin:3.1:testCompile (default-testCompile) @ myproject ---[INFO] Not compiling test sources[INFO] [INFO] --- maven-surefire-plugin:2.12.4:test (default-test) @ myproject ---[INFO] Tests are skipped.[INFO] [INFO] --- maven-jar-plugin:2.4:jar (default-jar) @ myproject ---[INFO] Building jar: /Users/ltc/Spring Boot Demo/target/myproject-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar[INFO] [INFO] --- spring-boot-maven-plugin:1.5.0.RC1:repackage (default) @ myproject ---[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------[INFO] BUILD SUCCESS[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------[INFO] Total time: 1.861 s[INFO] Finished at: 2017-01-13T15:31:32+08:00[INFO] Final Memory: 26M/308M[INFO] ------------------------------------------------------------------------

或在eclipse中运行run -> Maven build...，在Goals中填写clean package -Dmaven.test.skip=true，运行，打包完成。

2. Spring Boot应用启动

Spring Boot的启动命令为：

java -jar application.jar# Demo$ java -jar target/myproject-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar . ____ _ __ _ _ /\\ / ___'_ __ _ _(_)_ __ __ _ \ \ \ \( ( )\___ | '_ | '_| | '_ \/ _` | \ \ \ \ \\/ ___)| |_)| | | | | || (_| | ) ) ) ) ' |____| .__|_| |_|_| |_\__, | / / / / =========|_|==============|___/=/_/_/_/ :: Spring Boot :: (v1.4.3.RELEASE)2017-01-13 15:31:36.911 INFO 62119 --- [ main] com.test.Example : Starting Example on local with PID 62119 (/Users/ltc/Spring Boot Demo/target/myproject-0.0.1-SNAPSHOT.jar started by liutianchi in /Users/ltc/Spring Boot Demo)2017-01-13 15:31:36.916 INFO 62119 --- [ main] com.test.Example : No active profile set, falling back to default profiles: default2017-01-13 15:31:36.981 INFO 62119 --- [ main] ationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext : Refreshing org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@b1a58a3: startup date [Fri Jan 13 15:31:36 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy2017-01-13 15:31:38.602 INFO 62119 --- [ main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat initialized with port(s): 8080 (http)2017-01-13 15:31:38.615 INFO 62119 --- [ main] o.apache.catalina.core.StandardService : Starting service Tomcat2017-01-13 15:31:38.616 INFO 62119 --- [ main] org.apache.catalina.core.StandardEngine : Starting Servlet Engine: Apache Tomcat/8.5.62017-01-13 15:31:38.718 INFO 62119 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.a.c.c.C.[Tomcat].[localhost].[/] : Initializing Spring embedded WebApplicationContext2017-01-13 15:31:38.718 INFO 62119 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.web.context.ContextLoader : Root WebApplicationContext: initialization completed in 1740 ms2017-01-13 15:31:38.927 INFO 62119 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.ServletRegistrationBean : Mapping servlet: 'dispatcherServlet' to [/]2017-01-13 15:31:38.932 INFO 62119 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'metricsFilter' to: [/*]2017-01-13 15:31:38.932 INFO 62119 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'characterEncodingFilter' to: [/*]2017-01-13 15:31:38.932 INFO 62119 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'hiddenHttpMethodFilter' to: [/*]2017-01-13 15:31:38.932 INFO 62119 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'httpPutFormContentFilter' to: [/*]2017-01-13 15:31:38.932 INFO 62119 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'requestContextFilter' to: [/*]2017-01-13 15:31:38.932 INFO 62119 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'webRequestLoggingFilter' to: [/*]2017-01-13 15:31:38.932 INFO 62119 --- [ost-startStop-1] o.s.b.w.servlet.FilterRegistrationBean : Mapping filter: 'applicationContextIdFilter' to: [/*]2017-01-13 15:31:39.217 INFO 62119 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerAdapter : Looking for @ControllerAdvice: org.springframework.boot.context.embedded.AnnotationConfigEmbeddedWebApplicationContext@b1a58a3: startup date [Fri Jan 13 15:31:36 CST 2017]; root of context hierarchy2017-01-13 15:31:39.310 INFO 62119 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/]}" onto java.lang.String com.test.Example.home()2017-01-13 15:31:39.313 INFO 62119 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error]}" onto public org.springframework.http.ResponseEntity<java.util.Map<java.lang.String, java.lang.Object>> org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.error(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest)2017-01-13 15:31:39.313 INFO 62119 --- [ main] s.w.s.m.m.a.RequestMappingHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/error],produces=[text/html]}" onto public org.springframework.web.servlet.ModelAndView org.springframework.boot.autoconfigure.web.BasicErrorController.errorHtml(javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse)2017-01-13 15:31:39.338 INFO 62119 --- [ main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/webjars/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]2017-01-13 15:31:39.338 INFO 62119 --- [ main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [/**] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]2017-01-13 15:31:39.378 INFO 62119 --- [ main] o.s.w.s.handler.SimpleUrlHandlerMapping : Mapped URL path [favicon.ico] onto handler of type [class org.springframework.web.servlet.resource.ResourceHttpRequestHandler]2017-01-13 15:31:39.665 INFO 62119 --- [ main] o.s.b.a.e.mvc.EndpointHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/manage/metrics/{name:.*}],methods=[GET],produces=[application/json]}" onto public java.lang.Object org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.mvc.MetricsMvcEndpoint.value(java.lang.String)2017-01-13 15:31:39.665 INFO 62119 --- [ main] o.s.b.a.e.mvc.EndpointHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/manage/metrics || /manage/metrics.json],methods=[GET],produces=[application/json]}" onto public java.lang.Object org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.mvc.EndpointMvcAdapter.invoke()2017-01-13 15:31:39.666 INFO 62119 --- [ main] o.s.b.a.e.mvc.EndpointHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/manage/mappings || /manage/mappings.json],methods=[GET],produces=[application/json]}" onto public java.lang.Object org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.mvc.EndpointMvcAdapter.invoke()2017-01-13 15:31:39.667 INFO 62119 --- [ main] o.s.b.a.e.mvc.EndpointHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/manage/trace || /manage/trace.json],methods=[GET],produces=[application/json]}" onto public java.lang.Object org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.mvc.EndpointMvcAdapter.invoke()2017-01-13 15:31:39.667 INFO 62119 --- [ main] o.s.b.a.e.mvc.EndpointHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/manage/info || /manage/info.json],methods=[GET],produces=[application/json]}" onto public java.lang.Object org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.mvc.EndpointMvcAdapter.invoke()2017-01-13 15:31:39.668 INFO 62119 --- [ main] o.s.b.a.e.mvc.EndpointHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/manage/configprops || /manage/configprops.json],methods=[GET],produces=[application/json]}" onto public java.lang.Object org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.mvc.EndpointMvcAdapter.invoke()2017-01-13 15:31:39.669 INFO 62119 --- [ main] o.s.b.a.e.mvc.EndpointHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/manage/heapdump || /manage/heapdump.json],methods=[GET],produces=[application/octet-stream]}" onto public void org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.mvc.HeapdumpMvcEndpoint.invoke(boolean,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletRequest,javax.servlet.http.HttpServletResponse) throws java.io.IOException,javax.servlet.ServletException2017-01-13 15:31:39.669 INFO 62119 --- [ main] o.s.b.a.e.mvc.EndpointHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/manage/autoconfig || /manage/autoconfig.json],methods=[GET],produces=[application/json]}" onto public java.lang.Object org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.mvc.EndpointMvcAdapter.invoke()2017-01-13 15:31:39.673 INFO 62119 --- [ main] o.s.b.a.e.mvc.EndpointHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/manage/env/{name:.*}],methods=[GET],produces=[application/json]}" onto public java.lang.Object org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.mvc.EnvironmentMvcEndpoint.value(java.lang.String)2017-01-13 15:31:39.673 INFO 62119 --- [ main] o.s.b.a.e.mvc.EndpointHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/manage/env || /manage/env.json],methods=[GET],produces=[application/json]}" onto public java.lang.Object org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.mvc.EndpointMvcAdapter.invoke()2017-01-13 15:31:39.674 INFO 62119 --- [ main] o.s.b.a.e.mvc.EndpointHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/manage/health || /manage/health.json],produces=[application/json]}" onto public java.lang.Object org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.mvc.HealthMvcEndpoint.invoke(java.security.Principal)2017-01-13 15:31:39.675 INFO 62119 --- [ main] o.s.b.a.e.mvc.EndpointHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/manage/dump || /manage/dump.json],methods=[GET],produces=[application/json]}" onto public java.lang.Object org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.mvc.EndpointMvcAdapter.invoke()2017-01-13 15:31:39.677 INFO 62119 --- [ main] o.s.b.a.e.mvc.EndpointHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/manage/shutdown || /manage/shutdown.json],methods=[POST]}" onto public java.lang.Object org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.mvc.ShutdownMvcEndpoint.invoke()2017-01-13 15:31:39.678 INFO 62119 --- [ main] o.s.b.a.e.mvc.EndpointHandlerMapping : Mapped "{[/manage/beans || /manage/beans.json],methods=[GET],produces=[application/json]}" onto public java.lang.Object org.springframework.boot.actuate.endpoint.mvc.EndpointMvcAdapter.invoke()2017-01-13 15:31:39.799 INFO 62119 --- [ main] o.s.j.e.a.AnnotationMBeanExporter : Registering beans for JMX exposure on startup2017-01-13 15:31:39.809 INFO 62119 --- [ main] o.s.c.support.DefaultLifecycleProcessor : Starting beans in phase 02017-01-13 15:31:39.944 INFO 62119 --- [ main] s.b.c.e.t.TomcatEmbeddedServletContainer : Tomcat started on port(s): 8080 (http)2017-01-13 15:31:39.949 INFO 62119 --- [ main] com.test.Example : Started Example in 4.292 seconds (JVM running for 4.726)

3. Spring Boot应用关闭

下面主要有两种方式进行Spring Boot的关闭：通过HTTP发送shutdown信号，或者通过service stop的方式。

Spring Boot应用关闭的前提条件是POM.xml添加以下内容：

<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-actuator</artifactId></dependency>

application.properties中添加：

#启用shutdownendpoints.shutdown.enabled=true#禁用密码验证endpoints.shutdown.sensitive=false

关闭命令为：

curl -X POST host:port/shutdown# Demo$ curl -X POST http://localhost:8080/shutdown{"message":"Shutting down, bye..."}$ curl -X POST http://localhost:8080/manage/shutdown{"message":"Shutting down, bye..."}

如果要配置路径，需要在application.properties中添加management.context-path=/manage，则关闭命令变为curl -X POST host:port/manage/shutdown。

4. 安全验证

如果在关闭时需要安全验证，则在pom.xml文件中添加：

<dependency> <groupId>org.springframework.boot</groupId> <artifactId>spring-boot-starter-security</artifactId></dependency>

application.properties中添加：

#开启shutdown的安全验证endpoints.shutdown.sensitive=true#验证用户名security.user.name=admin#验证密码security.user.password=admin#角色management.security.role=SUPERUSER# 指定端口management.port=8081# 指定地址management.address=127.0.0.1

关闭命令为：

curl -u admin:admin -X POST http://127.0.0.1:8081/manage/shutdown# Demo$ curl -u admin:admin -X POST http://127.0.0.1:8081/manage/shutdown{"message":"Shutting down, bye..."}

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。