本文实例为大家分享了C语言实现学生选课管理系统的具体代码，供大家参考，具体内容如下

这是我们大一C语言课程设计的最终作品，涉及文件读写操作、链表的一系列操作。

源代码由头文件all.h、主函数文件main.cpp以及功能函数文件student.cpp、manager.cpp、common.cpp组成。

涉及的文件读写操作需要先手动创建文件，文件路径可以在all.h的宏定义中更改

使用vs2017的c++编译器，兼容c语言，现贴上源代码和运行截图，供感兴趣的童鞋参考，水平有限还望多多包涵。

运行截图

all.h

#pragma once#define MAXN 50#define STU_F "C:\\stu_cour_info_system\\date\\student.txt" //文件存放路径及文件名#define COUR_F "C:\\stu_cour_info_system\\date\\course.txt" //文件存放路径及文件名#define MAN_F "C:\\stu_cour_info_system\\date\\manager.txt" //文件存放路径及文件名 #define STU_F_BACKUP "C:\\stu_cour_info_system\\backup\\student.txt" //备份文件存放路径及文件名#define COUR_F_BACKUP "C:\\stu_cour_info_system\\backup\\course.txt" //备份文件存放路径及文件名#define MAN_F_BACKUP "C:\\stu_cour_info_system\\backup\\manager.txt" //备份文件存放路径及文件名 struct student //学生信息结构体{ char name[MAXN]; //姓名 char num[MAXN]; //学号 char sch_cla[20]; //学院和班级 double score_all = 0; //应选总学分 double score_sel = 0; //已选课总学分 char password[9]; //学生登陆密码,共8位 int course_sum; //选课总数 char course[50][MAXN]; //记录选课课程的编号 struct student *next; //链表指针}; struct course //课程信息结构体{ char num[MAXN]; //课程编号 char name[MAXN]; //课程名称 char nature[MAXN]; //课程性质 char term[MAXN]; //开课学期 double time_all; //总学时 double time_teach; //授课学时 double time_exp; //实验或上机学时 double score; //该课程学分 int stu_max; //能够容纳的学生总数 int stu_sum; //已经选课学生总数 char stu[100][MAXN]; //已经选课学生学号 struct course *next; //链表指针}; int judge_num(char *ch); //用于检测输入的字符串ch是否全部为数字,全部为数字则返回1，否则返回0int input_num(); //用于输入数字，如果输入的全部为数字则返回该数字，否则一直停在输入状态double input_double(); //用于输入小数int input_limit(int n); //输入选项，控制输入的数字范围为0-n,在这个范围内则返回该数字，否则一直停在输入状态int input_limit0(int n);int keyexam(char *actual_key, char *input_key); //密码检测函数,x为密码位数，actul_key[]为真实密码,input_key为输入密码，密码匹配返回1否则返回0student* load_stu(); //将学生文件生成链表,返回链表头指针void store_stu(student *p_head); //将学生链表存入学生文件,需传入链表头指针course* load_cour(); //将课程文件生成链表，返回链表头指针void store_cour(course *p_head); //将课程链表存入课程文件，需传入链表头指针 student* locate_end(student *head); //传入头节点，返回尾节点course* locate_end(course *head); //传入头节点，返回尾节点void help(); //显示帮助信息int link_count(student* head);int link_count(course* head); //计算链表节点数量int judge_ascii_num(char in[]); //检测输入是否全部为ASCII的数字，是返回1否则返回0 int man_login(); //管理员登陆函数，密码正确返回1，否则返回0int man_menu(); //管理员主菜单，返回对应的输入值void student_add(student *head); //增加学生的函数void student_delete(student *head); //删除学生的函数void man_search_stu(student *head); //搜索学生的函数void student_modify(student *head); //管理员修改学生信息void course_add(course *head); //增加课程的函数void course_delete(course *head); //删除课程的函数void course_modify(course *head); //修改课程信息的函数void print_all(); //打印所有学生和课程的函数void man_modifyKey(); //管理员修改密码void man_backups_recover(); //管理员备份和恢复数据void courseshowone_man(course *ad); //管理员显示一门课程信息void courseshowall_man(course *ad); //管理员显示所有课程信息 student* stu_login(student* head); //学生登陆函数，学号和密码都正确则返回链表中该学生的指针，错误则返回nullint stu_menu(); //学生菜单，返回对应的输入值void student_showone(student *p); //显示一个学生的信息void student_showall(student *head); //显示所有学生的信息student *studentnamefind_char(student *head, char tar[]); //根据学生姓名查找学生，如果学生为头节点则返回空指针，不为头节点则返回前一个节点的指针，不存在则返回尾节点student *studentnamefind_num(student *head, char tar[]); //根据学生学号查找学生，如果学生为头节点则返回空指针，不为头节点则返回前一个节点的指针，不存在则返回尾节点void stu_modifyKey(student* stu); //学生修改密码void coursechoose(course* head, student* stu); //选课函数,min为最少要达到的学分void courseshow_nature(course *head); //根据课程性质查找并显示课程信息void courseshow_term(course *head); //根据开课学期查找并显示课程信息void cour_nat_te(course* head); //根据课程性质与开课学期组合查找课程信息void coursenumfindtip(course *head); //查课子函数void coursenamefindtip(course *head); //查课子函数2void stu_dele_cour(course* head, student* stu); //删除已选课程 void course_showone(course *ad); //显示一门的信息void course_showall(course *head); //显示所有课程的信息void search_course(course *head); //搜索课程的函数course *coursenamefind_char(course* head, char tar[]); //根据课程名称查找课程节点，如果课程为头节点则返回空指针，不为头节点则返回前一个节点的指针，不存在则返回尾节点course *coursenumfind_num(course* head, char tar[]); //根据课程编号查找课程，如果课程为头节点则返回空指针，不为头节点则返回前一个节点的指针，不存在则返回尾节点

main.cpp

#include<stdio.h>#include<string.h>#include<stdlib.h>#include"all.h" student* stu_head;course* cour_head;course *cour_tail; student *stu_tail; //这四个指针是全局变量 int main(){ stu_head = load_stu(); //stu_head指向学生链表头 stu_tail = locate_end(stu_head); //stu_tail指向学生链表尾 cour_head = load_cour(); //cour_head指向课程链表头 cour_tail = locate_end(cour_head); //cour_tail指向课程链表尾 //{ // FILE *fp = fopen(MAN_F, "w+"); // for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) // { // fputc('0', fp); // } // fclose(fp); //} printf("\n\t\t--------------------------------欢迎使用选课系统！---------------------------------\n"); int status=-1; while (1)//判断登陆类型 { status = -1; printf("\n\n\t\t*****请选择登陆类型 [1]学生 [2]管理员 [3]显示帮助 [0]退出系统:"); status = input_limit0(3); if ((status == 0) || (status == 1) || (status == 2)||(status==3)) break; else printf("\n\t\t##### 输入错误！只能选择1、2或0 #######\n"); } while (1) { if (status == 2)//管理员登陆 { if (man_login() == 1) { printf("\n\n\t\t-----------------------------------管理员登陆成功!--------------------------------\n\n"); int menu_return = man_menu(); while (1) { switch (menu_return) { case 1: student_add(stu_head); break; case 2: student_delete(stu_head); break; case 3: student_modify(stu_head); break; case 4: man_search_stu(stu_head); break; case 5: course_add(cour_head); break; case 6: course_delete(cour_head); break; case 7: course_modify(cour_head); break; case 8: search_course(cour_head); break; case 9: print_all(); break; case 10: man_modifyKey(); break; case 11: man_backups_recover(); break; case 0: break; default: printf("\t\t\t#####输入错误，请重新输入######!\n"); } if (menu_return == 0) break; menu_return = man_menu(); } } else printf("\t\t######密码错误，请重新登陆!######\n"); } else if (status == 1)//student login { student* p_stu = stu_login(stu_head); if (p_stu != NULL)//p_stu为指向该学生的指针 { printf("\t\t*******请输入登陆密码:"); char input[100]; scanf("%s", input); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (strcmp(p_stu->password, input) == 0) { printf("\n\n\t\t-----------------------------%s 欢迎进入选课系统! ---------------------------------\n\n", p_stu->name); int menu_return = stu_menu(); while (1) { switch (menu_return) { case 1: course_showall(cour_head); break; case 2: search_course(cour_head); break; case 3: coursechoose(cour_head,p_stu); break; case 4: stu_dele_cour(cour_head, p_stu); break; case 5: student_showone(p_stu); break; case 6: stu_modifyKey(p_stu); break; case 0: break; default: printf("\t\t######输入错误，请重新输入!######\n"); } if (menu_return == 0) break; menu_return = stu_menu(); } } else { printf("\t\t#####密码错误，请重新登陆!#######\n"); } } else printf("\t\t#####该学号不存在，请重新登陆!######\n"); p_stu = NULL; } else if (status == 3)//显示帮助信息 help(); else if (status == 0)//关闭系统 return 0; while (1)//再次判断登陆类型 { status = -1; printf("\n\n\t\t*****请选择登陆类型 [1]学生 [2]管理员 [3]显示帮助 [0]退出系统:"); status = input_limit0(3); if ((status == 0) || (status == 1) || (status == 2) || (status == 3)) break; else printf("\n\t\t##### 输入错误！只能选择1、2或0 #######\n"); } }}

common.cpp

#include<stdio.h>#include<string.h>#include"all.h"#include<stdlib.h>#include<malloc.h>#include<ctype.h> extern student* stu_head;extern course* cour_head;extern course *cour_tail;extern student *stu_tail; // 这四个指针变量在main.cpp中已经声明为全局变量 int keyexam(char *actual_key, char *input_key)//密码正确则返回1，否则返回0{ if (strcmp(actual_key, input_key) == 0) return 1; else return 0;} student* load_stu()//经调试已经正确{ int count = 0; FILE *fp; if ((fp = fopen(STU_F, "r")) == NULL) { printf("\t\tcannot open the file:STU_F\n"); exit(0); } student* temp = (student*)malloc(sizeof(student)); while (!feof(fp)) { if (fread(temp, sizeof(student), 1, fp)) count++; } free(temp); temp = NULL; if (count == 0) return NULL; else { rewind(fp); student *p_head = NULL;//文件中有链表信息，则创建一个头指针 p_head = (student*)malloc(sizeof(student)); fread(p_head, sizeof(student), 1, fp);//用文件内容初始化链表节点 p_head->next = NULL; count--; student* p_new = p_head; student* p_end = p_head; for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { p_new = (student*)malloc(sizeof(student)); fread(p_new, sizeof(student), 1, fp); p_new->next = NULL; p_end->next = p_new; p_end = p_new; } fclose(fp); return p_head; }} void store_stu(student * p_head)//经调试已正确{ FILE *fp; if ((fp = fopen(STU_F, "w")) == NULL)//以只写方式打开文件，覆盖以前数据 { printf("\t***STU_F missed,please quit the system and check for that!\n\n"); exit(0); } while (p_head != NULL)//将链表所有节点写入缓冲区 { fwrite(p_head, sizeof(student), 1, fp);//将链表一个节点写入缓冲区 p_head = p_head->next; //p_head指向下一个节点 } fclose(fp);//保存文件，清空缓冲区} course * load_cour(){ int count = 0; FILE *fp; if ((fp = fopen(COUR_F, "r")) == NULL) { printf("\t\tcannot open the file:COUR_F\n"); exit(0); } course* temp = (course*)malloc(sizeof(course)); while (!feof(fp)) { if (fread(temp, sizeof(course), 1, fp)) count++; } free(temp); temp = NULL; if (count == 0) return NULL; else { rewind(fp); course *p_head = NULL;//文件中有链表信息，则创建一个头指针 p_head = (course*)malloc(sizeof(course)); fread(p_head, sizeof(course), 1, fp);//用文件内容初始化链表节点 p_head->next = NULL; count--; course* p_new = p_head; course* p_end = p_head; for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { p_new = (course*)malloc(sizeof(course)); fread(p_new, sizeof(course), 1, fp); p_new->next = NULL; p_end->next = p_new; p_end = p_new; } fclose(fp); return p_head; } } void store_cour(course * p_head){ FILE *fp; if ((fp = fopen(COUR_F, "w")) == NULL)//以只写方式打开文件，覆盖以前数据 { printf("\t***COUR_F missed,please quit the system and check for that!\n\n"); exit(0); } while (p_head != NULL)//将链表所有节点写入缓冲区 { fwrite(p_head, sizeof(course), 1, fp);//将链表一个节点写入缓冲区 p_head = p_head->next; //p_head指向下一个节点 } fclose(fp);//保存文件，清空缓冲区} student * locate_end(student * head){ student* end = head; while (head != NULL) { end = head; head = head->next; } return end;} course* locate_end(course * head){ course* end = head; while (head != NULL) { end = head; head = head->next; } return end;} void help(){ int input = -1; while (1) { printf("\n\t\t*****请选择需要的帮助类型 [1]学生帮助 [2]管理员帮助 [3]版权信息 [0]返回主页:"); scanf("%d", &input); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (input == 0) break; else if (input == 1)//学生使用说明 { printf("\n\t\t--------------------------------学生使用说明---------------------------------------\n"); printf("\t\t密码：初始密码为学号，忘记密码请联系管理员\n"); printf("\t\t\n"); printf("\t\t\n"); printf("\t\t\n"); printf("\t\t-----------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n"); } else if (input == 2)//管理员使用说明 { printf("\n\t\t-------------------------------管理员使用说明---------------------------------------\n"); printf("\t\t密码:初始密码为10个0，首次使用务必修改密码！\n"); printf("\t\t警告：该软件的文件夹必须放在C盘根目录下，否则不能使用！\n"); printf("\t\t提示：请定时备份数据，防止数据丢失!\n"); printf("\t\t提示：学生学号和课程编号只能是数字!\n"); printf("\t\t------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n"); } else if (input == 3)//版权信息 { printf("\n\t\t------------------------------版权信息-------------------------------------------------\n"); printf("\t\t软件名称：学生及课程信息管理系统\n"); printf("\t\t开发人员：焦智洋、文诗波、韩旭\n"); printf("\t\t版本：beta1.0\n"); printf("\t\t版权保护：版权所有，翻版必究\n"); printf("\t\t---------------------------------------------------------------------------------------\n\n"); } else printf("\n\t\t#####输入错误，请重新输入！#####\n"); }} int link_count(student * head){ int count = 0; while (head != NULL) { count++; head = head->next; } return count;} int link_count(course * head){ int count = 0; while (head != NULL) { count++; head = head->next; } return count;} int judge_ascii_num(char in[]){ int i = 0; while (in[i]!='\0') { if ((in[i] < '0') || (in[i] > '9')) return 0; i++; } return 1;} int judge_num(char *ch){ int sum = 0, len = strlen(ch); for (int i = 0; i < len; i++) { if (ch[i] >= '0'&&ch[i] <= '9') sum++; } if (sum == len) return 1; else return 0;} int input_num(){ int num; char buf[MAXN]; while ((scanf("%s", buf) == 0) || (judge_num(buf) == 0)) { while (getchar() != '\n'); printf("\n\t\t###输入错误，请重新输入:"); } num = atoi(buf); return num;} double input_double(){ double temp = -1.00; while (1) { scanf("%lf", &temp); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (temp < 0) printf("\n\t\t#####输入错误，请重新输入:"); else break; } return temp;} double judge_input_dou(){ printf("\n\t\t是否修改该项？[1]修改 [0]不修改:"); int judge = 0; scanf("%d", &judge); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (judge == 1) { while (1) { printf("\n\t\t请输入修改后的内容："); double in = 0.00; scanf("%lf", &in); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (in<=0) printf("\n\t\t#####输入错误，请重新输入！######"); else { return in; break; } } } else return -1.0;} course *coursenamefind_char(course* head, char tar[])//根据课程名称查找课程节点，返回前一节点地址{ course *p, *q; p = head; q = NULL; while (p != NULL) { if (strcmp(tar, p->name) == 0) return q; q = p; p = p->next; } return q;} course *coursenumfind_num(course* head, char tar[])//根据课程编号查找课程{course *p, *q; p = head; q = NULL; while (p != NULL) { if (strcmp(tar, p->num)==0) return q; q = p; p = p->next; } return q; } student *studentnamefind_char(student *head, char tar[]){ student *p, *q; p = head; q = NULL; while (p != NULL) { if (strcmp(tar, p->name) == 0) return q; q = p; p = p->next; } return q;} student* studentnamefind_num(student *head, char tar[]){ student *p, *q; p = head; q = NULL; while (p != NULL) { if (strcmp(tar, p->num) == 0) return q; q = p; p = p->next; } return q;} int input_limit(int n){ int m; while (1) { m = input_num(); if (m > 0 && m <= n) break; printf("\n\t\t####无此选项，请重新输入!####\n"); } return m;} int input_limit0(int n){ int m; while (1) { m = input_num(); if (m >= 0 && m <= n) break; printf("\n\t\t####无此选项，请重新输入!####\n"); } return m;} void student_showone(student *p){ printf("\n\t\t------------------------------------------------------"); printf("\n\t\t学号：%s", p->num); printf("\n\t\t姓名：%s", p->name); printf("\n\t\t学院与班级：%s", p->sch_cla); printf("\n\t\t密码：%s", p->password); if (p->course_sum == 0) printf("\n\t\t该学生无已选课程!\n"); else { printf("\n\t\t已选课程:\n"); for (int i = 0; i < p->course_sum; i++) printf("\t\t\t[%d]:%s\n", i + 1, p->course[i]); } printf("\t\t选课总数：%d", p->course_sum); printf("\n\t\t已选课程总学分：%lf", p->score_sel); printf("\n\t\t已得学分统计：%lf", p->score_all); printf("\n\t\t------------------------------------------------------");} void student_showall(student *head){ student *p; p = head; while (p != NULL) { student_showone(p); p = p->next; }} void course_showone(course *ad){ if (ad == NULL) printf("\t\t无课程\n"); else { printf("\n\t\t------------------------------------------------------"); printf("\n\t\t课程名称：%s\n", ad->name); printf("\n\t\t课程编号：%s\n", ad->num); printf("\t\t课程性质：%s\n", ad->nature); printf("\t\t开课学期：%s\n", ad->term); printf("\t\t总学时:%lf\n", ad->time_all); printf("\t\t授课学时：%lf\n", ad->time_teach); printf("\t\t实验或上机学时：%lf\n", ad->time_exp); printf("\t\t学分：%lf\n\n", ad->score); printf("\n\t\t------------------------------------------------------"); }} void course_showall(course *head){ course *p; p = head; while (p != NULL) { course_showone(p); p = p->next; } return;} void cour_nat_te(course* head){ while (1) { printf("\n\t\t请输入要查找课程的性质，返回上级菜单请输入0000："); char input1[50]; scanf("%s", input1); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (strcmp(input1, "0000") == 0) break; printf("\n\t\t请输入要查找课程的开课学期:"); char input2[50]; scanf("%s", input2); while (getchar() != '\n'); int count = 0; while (head != NULL) { if ((strcmp(input1, head->nature) == 0) && (strcmp(input2, head->term) == 0)) { course_showone(head); count++; } head = head->next; } if (count == 0) printf("\n\t\t#####没有符合查找条件的课程！#####\n"); }} void search_course(course *head){ int flag; while (true) { flag = 0; printf("\n\t\t请输入查找条件 [1]课程编号 [2]课程名称 [3]课程性质\n\t\t[4]开课学期 [5]课程性质与开课学期 [0]返回上级菜单:"); scanf("%d", &flag); while (getchar() != '\n'); switch (flag) { case(1):coursenumfindtip(head); break; case(2):coursenamefindtip(head); break; case(3):courseshow_nature(head); break; case(4):courseshow_term(head); break; case(5):cour_nat_te(head); break; case(0):break; default: printf("\n\t\t#####输入错误，请重新输入!#####"); } if (flag == 0) break; }}

manager.cpp

#include<stdio.h>#include<string.h>#include"all.h"#include<stdlib.h>#include<malloc.h>#include<ctype.h> extern student* stu_head;extern course* cour_head;extern course *cour_tail;extern student *stu_tail; // 这四个指针变量在main.cpp中已经声明为全局变量 int man_login(){ FILE *fp; if ((fp = fopen(MAN_F, "r")) == NULL) { printf("\t\t#######无法找到文件：MAN_F######\n"); return -1; } char key[11]; fread(key, 10, 1, fp); key[10] = '\0'; fclose(fp); char input[1000]; printf("\t\t*******请输入管理员密码:"); scanf("%s", input); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (strcmp(input, key) == 0) return 1; else return 0;} int man_menu(){ printf("\n\t\t~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~管理员菜单~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~~"); printf("\n\t\t---[1]:添加学生"); printf("\n\t\t---[2]:删除学生"); printf("\n\t\t---[3]:修改学生信息"); printf("\n\t\t---[4]:查找学生信息\n"); printf("\n\t\t---[5]:添加课程"); printf("\n\t\t---[6]:删除课程"); printf("\n\t\t---[7]:修改课程信息"); printf("\n\t\t---[8]:查找课程信息\n"); printf("\n\t\t---[9]:打印所有课程/学生信息"); printf("\n\t\t---[10]:修改管理员密码"); printf("\n\t\t---[11]:数据备份与恢复"); printf("\n\t\t---[0]:注销\n"); printf("\n\t\t----请从<0-10>中选择操作类型:"); int n = input_limit0(11); return n;} void student_add(student *head) //增加学生的函数{ while (1) { char input[50]; while (1) { printf("\n\t\t请输入要添加学生的学号(数字)，返回上级菜单请输入0000："); scanf("%s", input); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (judge_ascii_num(input) == 1) break; else printf("\n\t\t####输入错误！#####"); } if (strcmp(input, "0000") == 0) break; if (studentnamefind_num(stu_head, input) != stu_tail) { printf("\t\t###已存在该学生,请重新输入!####\n"); continue; } student* p = (student *)malloc(sizeof(student)); strcpy(p->num, input); printf("\t\t请输入学生姓名:"); scanf("%s", p->name); while (getchar() != '\n'); printf("\t\t请输入学生学院和班级(用--隔开):"); scanf("%s", p->sch_cla); while (getchar() != '\n'); printf("\t\t请输入当前该学生总学分:"); p->score_all = input_double(); p->course_sum = 0; p->score_sel = 0.0; strcpy(p->password, p->num); if (stu_head == NULL)//当前链表中没有节点 { p->next = NULL; stu_head = p; stu_tail = p; } else { if (strcmp(p->num, stu_head->num) < 0)//新增节点的标号比头节点还小 { p->next = stu_head; stu_head = p; } else if (strcmp(p->num, stu_tail->num) > 0)//新增节点的标号比尾节点还大 { p->next = NULL; stu_tail->next = p; stu_tail = p; } else//新增节点的标号在头节点和尾节点之间 { student* temp = stu_head; while (temp != stu_tail) { if (strcmp(p->num, temp->num) > 0) { p->next = temp->next; temp->next = p; break; } } } } printf("\n\t\t学生信息录入成功!\n"); } store_stu(stu_head);} void student_delete(student *head){ while (true) { printf("\n\t\t请输入要删除学生的学号或姓名,取消删除请输入0000:"); char input[50]; scanf("%s", input); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (strcmp(input, "0000") == 0) break; student *p; if ((input[0] >= 48) && (input[0] <= 57)) p = studentnamefind_num(stu_head, input); else p = studentnamefind_char(stu_head, input); if (p == stu_tail)//没有该学生 { printf("\n\t\t####没有该学生信息!#####"); continue; } printf("\n\t\t确定删除%s？[1]是 [0]否:", input); int in = 0; scanf("%d", &in); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (in == 1) { if (p == NULL)//链表头节点 { if (stu_head->next == NULL) { stu_tail = NULL; } student* temp = stu_head; stu_head = stu_head->next; free(temp); temp = NULL; } else if (p->next == stu_tail)//链表尾节点 { p->next = NULL; free(stu_tail); stu_tail = p; } else//链表中间节点 { student* delete_point = p->next; p->next = delete_point->next; free(delete_point); delete_point = NULL; } printf("\n\t\t已经删除该学生的信息！\n"); } else printf("\n\t\t####未删除该学生的信息!####\n"); } store_stu(stu_head);} void student_modify(student *head){ char input[100]; student* find = NULL; while (1) { printf("\t\t请输入要修改学生的学号或姓名,取消修改请输入0000:"); scanf("%s", input); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (strcmp(input, "0000") == 0) break; if ((input[0] >= 48) && (input[0] <= 57))//按学号查找 find = studentnamefind_num(head, input); else//按姓名查找 find = studentnamefind_char(head, input); if (find == stu_tail) { printf("\n\t\t####你所查找的学生不存在！"); continue; } else { char temp[50]; if (find == NULL) find = head; else find = find->next; printf("\n\t\t请分别输入需要修改的内容，若某一项不需要修改请输入0"); printf("\n\t\t原姓名:%s 修改后的姓名：", find->name); scanf("%s", &temp); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (strcmp(temp, "0") != 0) strcpy(find->name, temp); printf("\t\t原学院和班级:%s 修改后的学院和班级(中间用--隔开)：", find->sch_cla); scanf("%s", &temp); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (strcmp(temp, "0") != 0) strcpy(find->sch_cla, temp); printf("\t\t原密码:%s 修改后的密码:", find->password); scanf("%s", &temp); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (strcmp(temp, "0") != 0) strcpy(find->password, temp); printf("\t\t原总学分:%lf (增加学分请使用+,减少学分请使用-,例如“-10” “+10”):", find->score_all); scanf("%s", &temp); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (strcmp(temp, "0") != 0) { int change = (int)temp[0]; temp[0] = '0'; double number = atof(temp); if (change == 43) find->score_all += number; else if (change == 45) find->score_all -= number; } printf("\t\t修改完成！\n\n"); } } store_stu(stu_head);} void course_add(course *head){ while (1) { char input[50]; while (1) { printf("\n\t\t请输入要添加课程的编号，返回上一级菜单请输入0000："); scanf("%s", input); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (judge_ascii_num(input) == 1) break; else printf("\n\t\t#####输入错误！####"); } if (strcmp(input, "0000") == 0) break; if (coursenumfind_num(cour_head, input) != cour_tail) { printf("\t\t###已存在该课程,请重新输入!####\n"); continue; } course* p = (course*)malloc(sizeof(course)); strcpy(p->num, input); printf("\n\t\t请输入课程名称："); scanf("%s", p->name); while (getchar() != '\n'); printf("\n\t\t请输入课程性质:"); scanf("%s", p->nature); while (getchar() != '\n'); printf("\n\t\t请输入课程总学时:"); p->time_all = input_double(); printf("\n\t\t请输入课程授课学时:"); p->time_teach = input_double(); printf("\n\t\t请输入课程实验或上机学时:"); p->time_exp = input_double(); printf("\n\t\t请输入课程最大容纳人数:"); p->stu_max = input_num(); printf("\n\t\t请输入课程学分:"); p->score = input_double(); printf("\n\t\t请输入课程开课学期:"); scanf("%s", p->term); while (getchar() != '\n'); p->stu_sum = 0; if (cour_head == NULL)//链表中没有节点 { p->next = NULL; cour_head = p; cour_tail = p; } else { if (strcmp(p->num, cour_head->num) < 0)//新增节点的标号比头节点还小 { p->next = cour_head; cour_head = p; } else if (strcmp(p->num, cour_tail->num) > 0)//新增节点的标号比尾节点还大 { p->next = NULL; cour_tail->next = p; cour_tail = p; } else//新增节点的标号在头节点和尾节点之间 { course* temp = cour_head; while (temp != cour_tail) { if (strcmp(p->num, temp->num) > 0) { p->next = temp->next; temp->next = p; break; } } } } printf("\n\t\t课程信息录入成功!\n"); } store_cour(cour_head);} void course_delete(course *head){ course *p; char input[50]; while (true) { printf("\n\t\t请输入要删除课程的编号或名称,取消删除请输入0000:"); scanf("%s", input); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (strcmp(input, "0000") == 0) break; if ((input[0] >= 48) && (input[0] <= 57)) p = coursenumfind_num(head, input); else p = coursenamefind_char(head, input); if (p == cour_tail)//没有该课程 { printf("\n\t\t####没有该课程信息!####"); continue; } printf("\n\t\t确定删除%s？[1]是 [0]否:", input); int in = 0; scanf("%d", &in); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (in == 1) { if (p == NULL)//链表头节点 { if (head->next == NULL) cour_tail = NULL; course* temp = head; head = head->next; cour_head = head; free(temp); } else if (p->next == cour_tail)//链表尾节点 { free(cour_tail); p->next = NULL; cour_tail = p; } else//链表中间节点 { course* delete_point = p->next; p = (p->next)->next; free(delete_point); } printf("\n\t\t%s已经删除！\n", input); } else printf("\n\t\t#####未删除课程%s的信息!######\n", input); } store_cour(cour_head);} void course_modify(course *head){ char input[100]; course* find = NULL; while (1) { printf("\t\t请输入要修改课程的编号号或名称,取消修改请输入0000:"); scanf("%s", input); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (strcmp(input, "0000") == 0) break; if ((input[0] >= 48) && (input[0] <= 57))//按学号查找 find = coursenumfind_num(head, input); else//按姓名查找 find = coursenamefind_char(head, input); if (find == cour_tail) { printf("\n\t\t####你所查找的课程不存在！####"); continue; } else { char temp[50]; if (find == NULL) find = head; else find = find->next; printf("\n\t\t请分别输入需要修改的内容，若某一项不需要修改请输入0"); printf("\n\t\t原名称:%s 修改后的名称：", find->name); scanf("%s", &temp); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (strcmp(temp, "0") != 0) strcpy(find->name, temp); printf("\t\t原性质:%s 修改后的性质：", find->nature); scanf("%s", &temp); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (strcmp(temp, "0") != 0) strcpy(find->nature, temp); printf("\t\t原开课学期:%s 修改后的开课学期：", find->term); scanf("%s", &temp); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (strcmp(temp, "0") != 0) strcpy(find->term, temp); //int time_all; //总学时 //int time_teach; //授课学时 //int time_exp; //实验或上机学时 //int score; //该课程学分 //int stu_max; //能够容纳的学生总数 printf("\t\t原总学时:%lf 修改后的总学时：", find->time_all); scanf("%s", &temp); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (strcmp(temp, "0") != 0) find->time_all = atof(temp); printf("\t\t原授课学时:%lf 修改后的授课学时：", find->time_teach); scanf("%s", &temp); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (strcmp(temp, "0") != 0) find->time_teach = atof(temp); printf("\t\t原实验或上机学时:%lf 修改后的实验或上机学时：", find->time_exp); scanf("%s", &temp); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (strcmp(temp, "0") != 0) find->time_exp = atof(temp); printf("\t\t原课程学分:%lf 修改后的课程学分：", find->score); scanf("%s", &temp); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (strcmp(temp, "0") != 0) find->score = atof(temp); printf("\t\t原能容纳学生总数:%d 修改后的能容纳学生总数：", find->stu_max); scanf("%s", &temp); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (strcmp(temp, "0") != 0) find->stu_max = atoi(temp); printf("\t\t修改完成！\n\n"); } } store_cour(cour_head);} void print_all(){ while (1) { printf("\n\t\t选择操作类型: [1]打印所有学生信息 [2]打印所有课程信息 [0]返回主菜单:"); int input = 0; scanf("%d", &input); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (input == 1) { printf("\n\t\t学生总数：%d", link_count(stu_head)); student_showall(stu_head); } else if (input == 2) { printf("\n\t\t课程总数：%d\n", link_count(cour_head)); courseshowall_man(cour_head); } else if (input == 0) break; else printf("\n\t\t####输入错误！请重新输入!#####\n"); }} void man_modifyKey(){ printf("\t\t******请输入原密码(10位):"); char input[20]; scanf("%s", input); while (getchar() != '\n'); FILE *fp; if ((fp = fopen(MAN_F, "r")) == NULL) { printf("\t\t-------- 无法打开文件:MAN_F\n"); exit(0); } char keyOld[11]; fread(keyOld, 10, 1, fp); keyOld[10] = '\0'; if (strcmp(keyOld, input) == 0)//修改 { fclose(fp); char new1[100]; char new2[100]; while (1) { printf("\t\t*******请输入新密码（10位）:"); scanf("%s", new1); while (getchar() != '\n'); printf("\t\t******请再次确认新密码（10位）:"); scanf("%s", new2); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (keyexam(new1, new2) == 1) { fp = fopen(MAN_F, "w"); fwrite(new1, 10, 1, fp); fclose(fp); printf("\n\t\t------密码修改成功!\n"); break; } else printf("\t\t####前后密码不一致，请重新输入！####\n"); } } else { fclose(fp); printf("\t\t####原密码输入错误，请重新选择操作类型####\n"); }} void man_backups_recover(){ printf("\t\t*****[1]数据备份 [2]数据恢复 [3]取消\n"); printf("\t\t*****选择操作类型:"); int input = 0; scanf("%d", &input); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (input == 1) { FILE *fp_source; FILE *fp_destination; {//课程信息备份 if ((fp_source = fopen(COUR_F, "r")) == NULL) { printf("\t\t##课程数据备份失败：无法找到COUR_F文件！##\n"); exit(0); } fp_destination = fopen(COUR_F_BACKUP, "w"); char temp; int count = 0; while (!feof(fp_source)) { if (fread(&temp, 1, 1, fp_source)) count++; } rewind(fp_source); for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { fread(&temp, 1, 1, fp_source); fwrite(&temp, 1, 1, fp_destination); } fclose(fp_destination); fclose(fp_source); } {//学生信息备份 if ((fp_source = fopen(STU_F, "r")) == NULL) { printf("\t\t##学生数据备份失败：无法找到STU_F文件！##\n"); exit(0); } fp_destination = fopen(STU_F_BACKUP, "w"); char temp; int count = 0; while (!feof(fp_source)) { if (fread(&temp, 1, 1, fp_source)) count++; } rewind(fp_source); for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { fread(&temp, 1, 1, fp_source); fwrite(&temp, 1, 1, fp_destination); } fclose(fp_destination); fclose(fp_source); } {//管理员信息备份 if ((fp_source = fopen(MAN_F, "r")) == NULL) { printf("\t\t##管理员数据备份失败：无法找到MAN_F文件！##\n"); exit(0); } fp_destination = fopen(MAN_F_BACKUP, "w"); char temp; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { fread(&temp, 1, 1, fp_source); fwrite(&temp, 1, 1, fp_destination); } fclose(fp_destination); fclose(fp_source); } printf("\n\t\t所有数据已经备份完毕！备份目录为C:\ stu_cour_info_system\backup\n"); } else if (input == 2) { printf("\t\t选择恢复类型:[1]课程数据 [2]学生数据 [3]管理员数据:"); int in = 0; scanf("%d", &in); while (getchar() != '\n'); FILE *fp_source; FILE *fp_destination; if (in == 1)//course information recover { //课程信息恢复 if ((fp_source = fopen(COUR_F_BACKUP, "r")) == NULL) { printf("\t\t###课程信息恢复失败！未能找到C:\\stu_cour_info_system\\backup\\course_back.txt###\n"); exit(0); } fp_destination = fopen(COUR_F, "w"); char temp; int count = 0; while (!feof(fp_source)) { if (fread(&temp, 1, 1, fp_source)) count++; } rewind(fp_source); for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { fread(&temp, 1, 1, fp_source); fwrite(&temp, 1, 1, fp_destination); } fclose(fp_destination); fclose(fp_source); printf("\n\t\t课程信息恢复成功！\n"); cour_head = load_cour(); cour_tail = locate_end(cour_head); } else if (in == 2)//student information recover { //学生信息恢复 if ((fp_source = fopen(STU_F_BACKUP, "r")) == NULL) { printf("\t\t###学生信息恢复失败！未能找到C:\\stu_cour_info_system\\backup\\student_back!###\n"); exit(0); } fp_destination = fopen(STU_F, "w"); char temp; int count = 0; while (!feof(fp_source)) { if (fread(&temp, 1, 1, fp_source)) count++; } rewind(fp_source); for (int i = 0; i < count; i++) { fread(&temp, 1, 1, fp_source); fwrite(&temp, 1, 1, fp_destination); } fclose(fp_destination); fclose(fp_source); printf("\n\t\t学生数据恢复成功！\n"); stu_head = load_stu(); stu_tail = locate_end(stu_head); } else if (in == 3)//manager information recover { //恢复管理员数据 if ((fp_source = fopen(MAN_F_BACKUP, "r")) == NULL) { printf("\t\t###管理员数据恢复失败！未能找到C:\\stu_cour_info_system\\backup\\course_back\n"); exit(0); } fp_destination = fopen(MAN_F, "w"); char temp; for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++) { fread(&temp, 1, 1, fp_source); fwrite(&temp, 1, 1, fp_destination); } fclose(fp_destination); fclose(fp_source); printf("\n\t\t管理员数据恢复成功！\n"); } else printf("\t\t###输入错误！###\n"); } else if (input == 3) ; else printf("\t\t###输入错误，请重新输入!####\n");} void man_search_stu(student *head){ while (1) { printf("\n\t\t请输入学号或姓名进行查找，返回上级菜单请输入0000："); char input[50]; scanf("%s", input); while (getchar() != '\n'); if (strcmp(input, "0000") == 0) break; student* p_stu; if ((input[0] >= 48) && (input[0] <= 57)) p_stu = studentnamefind_num(head, input); else p_stu = studentnamefind_char(head, input); if (p_stu == stu_tail) { printf("\n\t\t#####没有该学生的信息，请重新输入！#####/n"); continue; } if (p_stu == NULL) p_stu = head; else p_stu = p_stu->next; printf("\n\t\t该学生信息如下："); student_showone(p_stu); }} void courseshowone_man(course *ad){ if (ad == NULL) printf("无课程"); else { printf("\n\t\t------------------------------------------------------"); printf("\n\t\t课程编号：%s\n", ad->num); printf("\t\t课程名称：%s\n", ad->name); printf("\t\t课程性质：%s\n", ad->nature); printf("\t\t开课学期：%s\n", ad->term); printf("\t\t总学时:%lf\n", ad->time_all); printf("\t\t授课学时：%lf\n", ad->time_teach); printf("\t\t实验或上机学时：%lf\n", ad->time_exp); printf("\t\t学分：%lf\n", ad->score); printf("\t\t总容纳学生人数：%d\n", ad-&