C语言数据结构之串插入操作

实例代码：

#include<stdio.h>#include<string.h>#include<stdlib.h>#define OK 1#define ERROR 0#define TRUE 1#define FALSE 0#define OVERFLOW -2typedef int Status;typedef struct{ char *ch; //如果是非空串，则按串长分配存储区，否则ch为NULL int length; //串长度}HString;/*******************************声明部分****************************************/Status StrAssign(HString *T,char *chars);//生成一个其值等于串常量chars的串TStatus StrInsert (HString *S,int pos,HString T);//1<=pos<=StrLength(S)+1.在串S的第pos个字符之前插入串Tint StrLength(HString S);//返回S的元素个数，成为串的长度int StrCompare(HString S,HString T);//若S>T，则返回值>0,若S=T，则返回值 = 0，若S<T，则返回值<0Status ClearString(HString *S);//将S清空Status Concat(HString *T,HString S1,HString S2);//用T返回由S1和S2连接而成的新串Status SubString(HString *Sub,HString S,int pos,int len);//用Sub返回串S的第pos个字符起长度为len的子串//其中,1<= pos<= StrLength(S) 且 0<= len <= StrLength(S)-pos+1Status StrCopy(HString *T, HString S);/*******************************函数部分****************************************/Status StrAssign(HString *T,char *chars){ if((*T).ch){ //释放旧空间 free((*T).ch); } int i = strlen(chars); if(!i){ //若chars为空 (*T).ch = NULL; (*T).length = 0; } else{ //chars不空 if(!((*T).ch = (char *)malloc(i * sizeof(char)))) //为T分配chars所需的存储空间 exit(OVERFLOW); int count; for(count = 0;count <= i-1;count++){ //把chars存入T中 (*T).ch[count] = chars[count]; (*T).length = i; } //for } //else return OK;}int StrLength(HString S){ return S.length;}int StrCompare(HString S,HString T){ int count; for(count = 0;count < S.length && count < T.length;count++){ if(S.ch[count] != T.ch[count]) return S.ch[count] - T.ch[count]; } return S.length - T.length;}Status ClearString(HString *S){ if((*S).ch){ free((*S).ch); (*S).ch = NULL; } (*S).length = 0; return OK;}Status Concat(HString *T,HString S1,HString S2){ if((*T).ch){ //释放旧空间 free((*T).ch); } if(!((*T).ch = (char *)malloc((S1.length+S2.length)* sizeof(char)))) exit(OVERFLOW); int count,cnt; for(count = 0;count <= S1.length;count++){ //把S1存入T中 (*T).ch[count] = S1.ch[count]; } (*T).length = S1.length + S2.length; //更改T的长度为两串之和 for(count = S1.length,cnt = 0;count <= (*T).length;count++,cnt++){ (*T).ch[count] = S2.ch[cnt]; //把S2存入T中 } return OK;}Status SubString(HString *Sub,HString S,int pos,int len){ if(pos<1 || pos>S.length || len<0 || len >S.length-pos+1) return ERROR; if((*Sub).ch){ //释放旧空间 free((*Sub).ch); } if(!len){ (*Sub).ch = NULL; (*Sub).length = 0; //空子串 } else{ //完整子串 (*Sub).ch = (char *)malloc(len*sizeof(char)); int count,cnt; for(count = 0,cnt = pos-1;count <= len-1;count++,cnt++){ (*Sub).ch[count] = S.ch[cnt]; } (*Sub).length = len; }//else return OK;}Status StrInsert (HString *S,int pos,HString T){ if(pos<1 || pos >(*S).length+1) return ERROR; //pos不合法 if(T.length){ if(!((*S).ch = (char*)realloc((*S).ch,((*S).length + T.length)*sizeof(char)))) exit(OVERFLOW); int count,cnt; for(count = (*S).length-1;count>= pos-1;count--){ (*S).ch[count+T.length-1] = (*S).ch[count]; //为插入T腾出位置 } for(count = pos-1,cnt = 0;cnt<= T.length-1;count++,cnt++) (*S).ch[count] = T.ch[cnt]; //插入T (*S).length += T.length; }//if return OK;}Status StrCopy(HString *T, HString S){ int j; if((*T).ch) free((*T).ch); (*T).ch = (char*)malloc(S.length * sizeof(char)); if(!(*T).ch) exit(OVERFLOW); for(j = 0; j < S.length; j++) (*T).ch[j] = S.ch[j]; (*T).length = S.length; return OK;}/*******************************主函数部分**************************************/int main(){ HString T,S,S1,S2,Sub; char *charsT = "abcd"; char *chars1 = "abc"; char *chars2 = "AAAA"; StrAssign(&T,charsT); StrAssign(&S,chars1); StrAssign(&S1,chars1); StrAssign(&S2,chars2); int count; printf("T的长度为：%d\n",T.length); printf("T的内容为："); for(count = 0;count <T.length;count++){ printf("%c",T.ch[count]); } printf("\n"); printf("\nStrCompare(S,T) = %d\n",StrCompare(S,T)); Concat(&T,S1,S2); printf("\n链接S1，S2为T之后\n"); printf("T的长度为：%d\n",T.length); printf("T的内容为："); for(count = 0;count <T.length;count++){ printf("%c",T.ch[count]); } printf("\n"); printf("\nS的长度为：%d\n",S.length); printf("S的内容为："); for(count = 0;count <S.length;count++){ printf("%c",S.ch[count]); } printf("用Sub返回S的第1个字符起长度为2的子串\n"); SubString(&Sub,S,1,2); printf("Sub的长度为：%d\n",Sub.length); printf("Sub的内容为："); for(count = 0;count <Sub.length;count++){ printf("%c",Sub.ch[count]); } printf("\n"); printf("\n在串S的第1个字符之前插入串T\n"); StrInsert(&S,1,T); printf("S的长度为：%d\n",S.length); printf("S的内容为："); for(count = 0;count <S.length;count++){ printf("%c",S.ch[count]); } return 0;}

实现效果:

如有疑问请留言或者到本站社区交流讨论，感谢阅读，希望能帮助到大家，谢谢大家对本站的支持！