C语言数据结构之顺序数组的实现

以下为展示顺序数组的示例：

1.用C语言实现的版本

#include<stdio.h> #include<math.h> #include<stdlib.h> #include<stdarg.h> #define OK 1 //成功标志 #define ERROR 0 //错误标志 #define MAX_ARRAY_DIM 8 //数组最大维数 typedef int ElemType; typedef int Status; typedef struct { ElemType *base; int dim; intint *bounds; intint *constants; }Array; Status InitArray(Array *A, int dim, ...) { int elemtotal = 1, i; if (dim<1 || dim>MAX_ARRAY_DIM) //判断数组维数 { return ERROR; } (*A).dim = dim; (*A).bounds = (intint *)malloc(dim*sizeof(int)); if (!(*A).bounds) { exit(OVERFLOW); } va_list ap; va_start(ap, dim); for (i = 0; i < dim; ++i) { (*A).bounds[i] = va_arg(ap, int); if ((*A).bounds[i] < 0) { return UNDERFLOW; } elemtotal *= (*A).bounds[i]; } va_end(ap); (*A).base = (ElemType *)malloc(elemtotal*sizeof(ElemType)); if (!(*A).base) { exit(OVERFLOW); } (*A).constants = (intint *)malloc(dim*sizeof(int)); if (!(*A).constants) { exit(OVERFLOW); } (*A).constants[dim - 1] = 1; for (i = dim - 2; i >= 0; --i) { (*A).constants[i] = (*A).bounds[i + 1] * (*A).constants[i + 1]; } return OK; } Status DestroyArray(Array *A) { if ((*A).base) { free((*A).base); (*A).base = NULL; } else { return ERROR; } if ((*A).bounds) { free((*A).bounds); (*A).bounds = NULL; } else { return ERROR; } if ((*A).constants) { free((*A).constants); (*A).constants = NULL; } else { return ERROR; } return OK; } Status Locate(Array A, va_list ap, intint *off) { int i, ind; *off = 0; for (i = 0; i < A.dim; ++i) { ind = va_arg(ap, int); if (ind < 0 || ind >= A.bounds[i]) { return OVERFLOW; } *off += A.constants[i] * ind; } return OK; } Status Value(ElemType *e, Array A, ...) { va_list ap; Status result; int off; va_start(ap, A); if ((result = Locate(A, ap, &off)) == OVERFLOW) { return result; } *e = *(A.base + off); return OK; } Status Assign(Array *A, ElemType e, ...) { va_list ap; Status result; int off; va_start(ap, e); if ((result = Locate(*A, ap, &off)) == OVERFLOW) { return result; } *((*A).base + off) = e; return OK; } void main() { Array A; int i, j, k, *p, dim = 3, bound1 = 3, bound2 = 4, bound3 = 2; ElemType e, *p1; InitArray(&A, dim, bound1, bound2, bound3); printf("输出数组各维度的值：\n "); p = A.bounds; for (i = 0; i < dim; ++i) { printf("A.bounds[%d] = %d\n ", i, *(p + i)); } printf("\n"); printf("输出数组映像函数常量基数的值(相当于每一维度的权重值)：\n "); p = A.constants; for (i = 0; i < dim; ++i) { printf("A.constants[%d] = %d\n ", i, *(p + i)); } printf("\n\n"); printf("%d页%d行%d列矩阵元素如下:\n", bound1, bound2, bound3); for (i = 0; i < bound1; ++i) { printf("第%d页：\n", i); for (j = 0; j < bound2; ++j) { for (k = 0; k < bound3; ++k) { Assign(&A, i * 100 + j * 10 + k, i, j, k); /* 将i*100+j*10+k赋值给A[i][j][k] */ Value(&e, A, i, j, k); printf("A[%d][%d][%d]=%2d ", i, j, k, e); } printf("\n"); } printf("\n"); } p1 = A.base; printf("顺序输出Array的元素\n"); for (i = 0; i < bound1*bound2*bound3; ++i) { printf("%4d", *(p1 + i)); //输出换行 if (i % (bound2*bound3) == (bound2*bound3 - 1)) { printf("\n"); } } DestroyArray(&A); }

运行结果如下图所示：

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