本文使用C++双缓存进行指定窗口截图。CreateDIBSection创建应用程序可以直接写入的、与设备无关的位图(DIB)，它提供内存中位图的指针，外部程序可以直接使用。

需要注意的是，PrintWindow方法能够抓取使用D3D渲染的窗口（例如Excel、Win10自带视频播放器），如果抓取普通窗口则会附带窗口阴影，可见窗口阴影是Windows使用D3D渲染出来的。

1、PrintCaptureHelper.h

#pragma once #include <windows.h>#include <string>using std::string; class PrintCaptureHelper{public: PrintCaptureHelper(); virtual ~PrintCaptureHelper(); bool Init(const string& windowName); bool Init(HWND hwnd); void Cleanup(); bool RefreshWindow(); bool ChangeWindowHandle(const string& windowName); bool ChangeWindowHandle(HWND hwnd); bool Capture() const; const RECT& GetWindowRect() const { return windowRect_; } const RECT& GetClientRect() const { return clientRect_; } int GetBitmapDataSize() const { return bmpDataSize_; } HBITMAP GetBitmap() const { return bitmap_; } void* GetBitmapAddress() const { return bitsPtr_; } private: HWND hwnd_; HDC scrDc_; HDC memDc_; HBITMAP bitmap_; HBITMAP oldBitmap_; void* bitsPtr_; RECT windowRect_; RECT clientRect_; int bmpDataSize_;};

2、PrintCaptureHelper.cpp

#include "stdafx.h"#include "PrintCaptureHelper.h" PrintCaptureHelper::PrintCaptureHelper() : hwnd_(nullptr) , scrDc_(nullptr) , memDc_(nullptr) , bitmap_(nullptr) , oldBitmap_(nullptr) , bitsPtr_(nullptr) , windowRect_{ 0, 0, 0, 0 } , clientRect_{ 0, 0, 0, 0 } , bmpDataSize_(0){ } PrintCaptureHelper::~PrintCaptureHelper(){ Cleanup();} bool PrintCaptureHelper::Init(const string& windowName){ const auto handle = ::FindWindowA(nullptr, windowName.c_str()); if (handle == nullptr) { return false; } return Init(handle);} bool PrintCaptureHelper::Init(HWND hwnd){ hwnd_ = hwnd; //获取窗口大小 if (!::GetWindowRect(hwnd_, &windowRect_) || !::GetClientRect(hwnd_, &clientRect_)) { return false; } const auto clientRectWidth = clientRect_.right - clientRect_.left; const auto clientRectHeight = clientRect_.bottom - clientRect_.top; bmpDataSize_ = clientRectWidth * clientRectHeight * 4; //位图信息 BITMAPINFO bitmapInfo; bitmapInfo.bmiHeader.biSize = sizeof(bitmapInfo); bitmapInfo.bmiHeader.biWidth = clientRectWidth; bitmapInfo.bmiHeader.biHeight = clientRectHeight; bitmapInfo.bmiHeader.biPlanes = 1; bitmapInfo.bmiHeader.biBitCount = 32; bitmapInfo.bmiHeader.biSizeImage = clientRectWidth * clientRectHeight; bitmapInfo.bmiHeader.biCompression = BI_RGB; scrDc_ = ::GetWindowDC(hwnd_); memDc_ = ::CreateCompatibleDC(scrDc_); bitmap_ = ::CreateDIBSection(scrDc_, &bitmapInfo, DIB_RGB_COLORS, &bitsPtr_, nullptr, 0); if (bitmap_ == nullptr) { ::DeleteDC(memDc_); ::ReleaseDC(hwnd_, scrDc_); return false; } oldBitmap_ = static_cast<HBITMAP>(::SelectObject(memDc_, bitmap_)); return true;} void PrintCaptureHelper::Cleanup(){ if (bitmap_ == nullptr) { return; } //删除用过的对象 ::SelectObject(memDc_, oldBitmap_); ::DeleteObject(bitmap_); ::DeleteDC(memDc_); ::ReleaseDC(hwnd_, scrDc_); hwnd_ = nullptr; scrDc_ = nullptr; memDc_ = nullptr; bitmap_ = nullptr; oldBitmap_ = nullptr;} bool PrintCaptureHelper::RefreshWindow(){ const auto hwnd = hwnd_; Cleanup(); return Init(hwnd);} bool PrintCaptureHelper::ChangeWindowHandle(const string& windowName){ Cleanup(); return Init(windowName);} bool PrintCaptureHelper::ChangeWindowHandle(HWND hwnd){ Cleanup(); return Init(hwnd);} bool PrintCaptureHelper::Capture() const{ if (bitmap_ == nullptr || memDc_ == nullptr || scrDc_ == nullptr) { return false; } const auto ret = ::PrintWindow(hwnd_, memDc_, PW_CLIENTONLY | PW_RENDERFULLCONTENT); return ret != 0;}

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