C#判断字符串中是否包含指定字符串及contains与indexof方法效率问题

时间:2021-05-20

正文

#方法一:使用string.Contains方法

  string.Contains是大小写敏感的,如果要用该方法来判断一个string是否包含某个关键字keyword,需要把这个string和这个keyword都转成小写或大写再调用Contains方法;

string key = "bbb"; string temp = "aaaBBBcccDDD"; bool isContains= temp.ToLower().Contains(key.ToLower());//true

#方法二:使用sring.Index方法

  使用string.Index方法,然后通过StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase指定查找过程忽略大小写;

string key = "bbb"; string temp = "aaaBBBcccDDD"; bool isContains = temp.IndexOf(key,StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase)>=0;//true

#那什么时候使用Contains方法,什么时候使用Index方法,哪个效率高?

1、测试代码:

  注:此测试针对的是拥有大量英文的情况下,并且指定的字符串为英文

  每个方法测试1千万次,输出所用时间;

class Program { private const int N = 10000000; private static Stopwatch watch = new Stopwatch(); static void Main(string[] args) { string source = "aaabbbcccdddeeefffggghhhiiijjjkkklllmmmnnnooopppqqq"; string target = "AAA"; Console.WriteLine("目标在开头部分时:"); Console.WriteLine("不区分大小写:"); TestContains(source, target,true); TestIndexOf(source, target,true); Console.WriteLine("区分大小写:"); target = "aaa"; TestContains(source, target,false); TestIndexOf(source, target,false); Console.WriteLine(); Console.WriteLine("目标在中部时:"); Console.WriteLine("不区分大小写:"); target = "HHH"; TestContains(source, target, true); TestIndexOf(source, target, true); Console.WriteLine("区分大小写:"); target = "hhh"; TestContains(source, target, false); TestIndexOf(source, target, false); Console.WriteLine(); Console.WriteLine("目标在结尾时:"); Console.WriteLine("不区分大小写:"); target = "QQQ"; TestContains(source, target,true); TestIndexOf(source, target,true); Console.WriteLine("区分大小写:"); target = "qqq"; TestContains(source, target,false); TestIndexOf(source, target,false); Console.WriteLine("执行完毕,按任意键退出..."); Console.ReadKey(); } private static void TestIndexOf(string source, string target,bool isIgnoreCase) { watch.Reset(); watch.Start(); for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { if (isIgnoreCase) source.IndexOf(target, StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase); else source.IndexOf(target); } watch.Stop(); Console.WriteLine("IndexOf: " + watch.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString() + "ms"); return; } private static void TestContains(string source, string target,bool isIgnoreCase) { watch.Reset(); watch.Start(); for (int i = 0; i < N; i++) { if (isIgnoreCase) source.ToLower().Contains(target.ToLower()); else source.Contains(target); } watch.Stop(); Console.WriteLine("Contains: " + watch.ElapsedMilliseconds.ToString() + "ms"); return; } }

2、测试结果:

3、总结

  1、从测试结果(大量测试)中能明显看出,当拥有大量英文的字符串中:

  *当不区分大小写时,string.IndexOf方法的效率明显高于string.Contains方法;

  *当区分大小写时,string.Contains方法的效率明显高于string.IndexOf方法;

  *如果判断的是中文,没有大小写之分,还是string.Contains方法的效率高;

  2、综合上述总结,定义了一个String扩展方法,该方法包含一个StringComparison参数,返回值为是否包含子字符串:

    参考:https://docs.microsoft.com/zh-cn/dotnet/api/system.string.contains?redirectedfrom=MSDN&view=netframework-4.5#System_String_Contains_System_String_

using System; public static class StringExtensions { public static bool Contains(this String str, String substring, StringComparison comp) { if (substring == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("substring", "substring cannot be null."); else if (! Enum.IsDefined(typeof(StringComparison), comp)) throw new ArgumentException("comp is not a member of StringComparison", "comp"); return str.IndexOf(substring, comp) >= ; } }using System;public class Example{ public static void Main() { String s = "This is a string."; String sub1 = "this"; Console.WriteLine("Does '{0}' contain '{1}'?", s, sub1); StringComparison comp = StringComparison.Ordinal; Console.WriteLine(" {0:G}: {1}", comp, s.Contains(sub1, comp)); comp = StringComparison.OrdinalIgnoreCase; Console.WriteLine(" {0:G}: {1}", comp, s.Contains(sub1, comp)); }}// The example displays the following output:// Does 'This is a string.' contain 'this'?// Ordinal: False// OrdinalIgnoreCase: True

总结

以上所述是小编给大家介绍的C#判断字符串中是否包含指定字符串及contains与indexof方法效率问题,希望对大家有所帮助,如果大家有任何疑问欢迎给我留言,小编会及时回复大家的!

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