本文实例讲述了C#使用SqlBulkCopy批量复制数据到数据表的方法。分享给大家供大家参考。具体实现方法如下：

使用 SqlBulkCopy 类只能向 SQL Server 表写入数据。但是，数据源不限于 SQL Server；可以使用任何数据源，只要数据可加载到 DataTable 实例或可使用 IDataReader 实例读取数据

1.使用Datatable作为数据源的方式：

下面的代码使用到了ColumnMappings，因为目标表和数据源Datatable的结构不一致，需要这么一个映射来指定对应关系

复制代码 代码如下:public string SaveJHCData(LzShopBasicData[] datas)
{
var result = new AResult();
SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["**"].ConnectionString);
con.Open();
foreach (var item in datas)
{

Logger.Info("数据更新处理，店铺名称：" + item.ShopName + "数据日期" + item.SellDate);
try
{
using (TransactionScope scope = new TransactionScope())
{

DataTable JHCOrderItemsdt = SaveJHCOrderItemsData(item);
SqlBulkCopy JHCOrderItemscopy = new SqlBulkCopy(con);
JHCOrderItemscopy.ColumnMappings.Add("orderId", "orderId");
JHCOrderItemscopy.ColumnMappings.Add("auctionId", "auctionId");
JHCOrderItemscopy.ColumnMappings.Add("itemTitle", "itemTitle");
JHCOrderItemscopy.ColumnMappings.Add("tradeAmt", "tradeAmt");
JHCOrderItemscopy.ColumnMappings.Add("alipayNum", "alipayNum");
JHCOrderItemscopy.ColumnMappings.Add("tradeTime", "tradeTime");
JHCOrderItemscopy.ColumnMappings.Add("uv", "uv");
JHCOrderItemscopy.ColumnMappings.Add("srcId", "srcId");
JHCOrderItemscopy.ColumnMappings.Add("srcName", "srcName");
JHCOrderItemscopy.ColumnMappings.Add("DataType", "DataType");
JHCOrderItemscopy.ColumnMappings.Add("DataDate", "DataDate");
JHCOrderItemscopy.ColumnMappings.Add("OrderSourceID", "OrderSourceID");
JHCOrderItemscopy.ColumnMappings.Add("ShopName", "ShopName");
JHCOrderItemscopy.DestinationTableName = "JHCOrderItems";
JHCOrderItemscopy.WriteToServer(JHCOrderItemsdt);
result.Updatedata += 1;
result.UpdatedataText += item.SellDate + ",";
scope.Complete();
Logger.Info(item.SellDate + "事务提交");
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Logger.Error(ex.ToString());
continue;
}
}
con.Close();
return result.ToSerializeObject();
}

2.使用IDataReader作为数据源的方式，这种方式个人认为用的很少，首先目标表和来源表两个数据库连接你都需要拿到，如果两个都可以拿到，一般直接操作sql就可以解决：

这里是直接拷贝的MSDN的代码，

用到的AdventureWorks数据库可以直接在网上下载到，下载地址如下：http://msftdbprodsamples.codeplex.com/releases

复制代码 代码如下:using System.Data.SqlClient;

class Program
{
static void Main()
{
string connectionString = GetConnectionString();
// Open a sourceConnection to the AdventureWorks database.
using (SqlConnection sourceConnection =
new SqlConnection(connectionString))
{
sourceConnection.Open();

// Perform an initial count on the destination table.
SqlCommand commandRowCount = new SqlCommand(
"SELECT COUNT(*) FROM " +
"dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns;",
sourceConnection);
long countStart = System.Convert.ToInt32(
commandRowCount.ExecuteScalar());
Console.WriteLine("Starting row count = {0}", countStart);

// Get data from the source table as a SqlDataReader.
SqlCommand commandSourceData = new SqlCommand(
"SELECT ProductID, Name, " +
"ProductNumber " +
"FROM Production.Product;", sourceConnection);
SqlDataReader reader =
commandSourceData.ExecuteReader();

// Open the destination connection. In the real world you would
// not use SqlBulkCopy to move data from one table to the other
// in the same database. This is for demonstration purposes only.
using (SqlConnection destinationConnection =
new SqlConnection(connectionString))
{
destinationConnection.Open();

// Set up the bulk copy object.
// Note that the column positions in the source
// data reader match the column positions in
// the destination table so there is no need to
// map columns.
using (SqlBulkCopy bulkCopy =
new SqlBulkCopy(destinationConnection))
{
bulkCopy.DestinationTableName =
"dbo.BulkCopyDemoMatchingColumns";

try
{
// Write from the source to the destination.
bulkCopy.WriteToServer(reader);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex.Message);
}
finally
{
// Close the SqlDataReader. The SqlBulkCopy
// object is automatically closed at the end
// of the using block.
reader.Close();
}
}

// Perform a final count on the destination
// table to see how many rows were added.
long countEnd = System.Convert.ToInt32(
commandRowCount.ExecuteScalar());
Console.WriteLine("Ending row count = {0}", countEnd);
Console.WriteLine("{0} rows were added.", countEnd - countStart);
Console.WriteLine("Press Enter to finish.");
Console.ReadLine();
}
}
}

private static string GetConnectionString()
// To avoid storing the sourceConnection string in your code,
// you can retrieve it from a configuration file.
{
return "Data Source=(local); " +
" Integrated Security=true;" +
"Initial Catalog=AdventureWorks;";
}
}

实战：借助类型反射动态构建Datatable数据源,通过SqlBulkCopy批量保存入库

1.获取一张空的Datatable：

复制代码 代码如下:var dt = bisdal.From<TopBrand>(TopBrand._.ID == -1, OrderByClip.Default).ToDataTable();
2.填充DataTable，这里是通过遍历外部的集合，把属性属性逐一赋值填充到目标Datatable

复制代码 代码如下:foreach (var item in brandselldataitems)
{
try
{

TopBrand topbrand = new TopBrand
{
BrandIndex = item.mk,
BrandName = item.c58,
Date = date,
WinnerAmt = item.c60,
WinnerPeople = item.c62,
WinnerProNum = item.c61,
HotTaobaoCategoryID = cid
};
CreateDtByItem<TopBrand>(topbrand, dt);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Logger.Error(ex.ToString());
continue;
}
}

这里借助反射，遍历实体属性集合，动态构建DataTableRow对象

复制代码 代码如下:private void CreateDtByItem<T>(T item, DataTable dt)
{
System.Reflection.PropertyInfo[] properties = item.GetType().GetProperties(System.Reflection.BindingFlags.Instance | System.Reflection.BindingFlags.Public);
var newrow = dt.NewRow();
foreach (System.Reflection.PropertyInfo pitem in properties)
{

string name = pitem.Name;
if (name == "children")
{
continue;
}
object value = pitem.GetValue(item, null);
newrow[name] = value == null ? DBNull.Value : value;
}
dt.Rows.Add(newrow);
}

3.保存入库：

复制代码 代码如下:BulkWriteToServer(con, "TopBrand", dt);
这里因为目标表和数据源的Datatable数据结构一致，所以省去了ColumnMappings列映射的操作，可以直接WriteToServer保存

复制代码 代码如下:private void BulkWriteToServer(SqlConnection con, string destinationtablename, DataTable sourcedt)
{
try
{
if (con.State == ConnectionState.Closed)
{
con.Open();
}
SqlBulkCopy topbranddtcopy = new SqlBulkCopy(con);
topbranddtcopy.DestinationTableName = destinationtablename;
topbranddtcopy.WriteToServer(sourcedt);
con.Close();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Logger.Error("批量新增数据:" + destinationtablename + "," + ex.ToString());
}
}

完整调用代码：

复制代码 代码如下:private void CreateTopBrandData(int date, int cid, List<BrandSellDataItem> brandselldataitems)
{
try
{
var dt = bisdal.From<TopBrand>(TopBrand._.ID == -1, OrderByClip.Default).ToDataTable();
foreach (var item in brandselldataitems)
{
try
{

TopBrand topbrand = new TopBrand
{
BrandIndex = item.mk,
BrandName = item.c58,
Date = date,
WinnerAmt = item.c60,
WinnerPeople = item.c62,
WinnerProNum = item.c61,
HotTaobaoCategoryID = cid
};
CreateDtByItem<TopBrand>(topbrand, dt);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
Logger.Error(ex.ToString());
continue;
}
}
BulkWriteToServer(con, "TopBrand", dt);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
throw new Exception("CreateTopBrandData:" + ex.ToString());
}
}

希望本文所述对大家的C#程序设计有所帮助。