1. 泛型

AysncTask<Params, Progress, Result>

Params：启动任务时传入的参数，通过调用asyncTask.execute(param)方法传入。

Progress：后台任务执行的进度，若不用显示进度条，则不需要指定。

Result：后台任务结束时返回的结果。

2. 重要方法

doInBackground(Params... params)：必须重写的方法，后台任务就在这里执行，会开启一个新的线程。params为启动任务时传入的参数，参数个数不定。

onPreExecute()：在主线程中调用，在后台任务开启前的操作在这里进行，例如显示一个进度条对话框。

onPostExecute(Result result)：当后台任务结束后，在主线程中调用，处理doInBackground()方法返回的结果。

onProgressUpdate(Progress... values)：当在doInBackground()中调用publishProgress(Progress... values)时，返回主线程中调用，这里的参数个数也是不定的。

onCancelled()：取消任务。

3. 注意事项

（1）execute()方法必须在主线程中调用；

（2）AsyncTask实例必须在主线程中创建；

（3）不要手动调用doInBackground()、onPreExecute()、onPostExecute()、onProgressUpdate()方法；

（4）注意防止内存泄漏，在doInBackground()方法中若出现对Activity的强引用，可能会造成内存泄漏。

4. 下载文件动态更新进度条（未封装）

布局：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?><LinearLayout xmlns:android="http://schemas.android.com/apk/res/android" xmlns:tools="http://schemas.android.com/tools" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="match_parent" android:orientation="vertical" android:padding="20dp" tools:context="com.studying.asynctaskdemo.MainActivity"> <ProgressBar android:id="@+id/progressBar" style="?android:progressBarStyleHorizontal" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:progress="0" /> <Button android:id="@+id/download" android:layout_width="match_parent" android:layout_height="50dp" android:layout_marginTop="20dp" android:text="@string/start_btn" /> <TextView android:id="@+id/status" android:layout_width="wrap_content" android:layout_height="wrap_content" android:layout_marginTop="20dp" android:text="@string/waiting" /></LinearLayout>

Activity：

public class MainActivity extends Activity { private static final String FILE_NAME = "test.pdf";//下载文件的名称 private static final String PDF_URL = "http://clfile.imooc.com/class/assist/118/1328281/AsyncTask.pdf"; private ProgressBar mProgressBar; private Button mDownloadBtn; private TextView mStatus; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); initView(); setListener(); } private void initView() { mProgressBar = (ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.progressBar); mDownloadBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.download); mStatus = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.status); } private void setListener() { mDownloadBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { //AsyncTask实例必须在主线程创建 DownloadAsyncTask asyncTask = new DownloadAsyncTask(); asyncTask.execute(PDF_URL); } }); } /** * 泛型： * String：传入参数为文件下载地址 * Integer：下载过程中更新ProgressBar的进度 * Boolean：是否下载成功 */ private class DownloadAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, Boolean> { private String mFilePath;//下载文件的保存路径 @Override protected Boolean doInBackground(String... params) { if (params != null && params.length > 0) { String pdfUrl = params[0]; try { URL url = new URL(pdfUrl); URLConnection urlConnection = url.openConnection(); InputStream in = urlConnection.getInputStream(); int contentLength = urlConnection.getContentLength();//获取内容总长度 mFilePath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + File.separator + FILE_NAME; //若存在同名文件则删除 File pdfFile = new File(mFilePath); if (pdfFile.exists()) { boolean result = pdfFile.delete(); if (!result) { return false; } } int downloadSize = 0;//已经下载的大小 byte[] bytes = new byte[1024]; int length = 0; OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(mFilePath); while ((length = in.read(bytes)) != -1) { out.write(bytes, 0, length); downloadSize += length; publishProgress(downloadSize / contentLength * 100); } in.close(); out.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); return false; } } else { return false; } return true; } @Override protected void onPreExecute() { super.onPreExecute(); mDownloadBtn.setText("下载中"); mDownloadBtn.setEnabled(false); mStatus.setText("下载中"); mProgressBar.setProgress(0); } @Override protected void onPostExecute(Boolean aBoolean) { super.onPostExecute(aBoolean); mDownloadBtn.setText("下载完成"); mStatus.setText(aBoolean ? "下载完成" + mFilePath : "下载失败"); } @Override protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) { super.onProgressUpdate(values); if (values != null && values.length > 0) { mProgressBar.setProgress(values[0]); } } }}

5. 下载文件动态更新进度条（封装）

Activity：

public class MainActivity extends Activity { private static final String FILE_NAME = "test.pdf"; private static final String PDF_URL = "http://clfile.imooc.com/class/assist/118/1328281/AsyncTask.pdf"; private ProgressBar mProgressBar; private Button mDownloadBtn; private TextView mStatus; @Override protected void onCreate(Bundle savedInstanceState) { super.onCreate(savedInstanceState); setContentView(R.layout.activity_main); initView(); setListener(); } private void initView() { mProgressBar = (ProgressBar) findViewById(R.id.progressBar); mDownloadBtn = (Button) findViewById(R.id.download); mStatus = (TextView) findViewById(R.id.status); } private void setListener() { mDownloadBtn.setOnClickListener(new View.OnClickListener() { @Override public void onClick(View v) { String localPath = Environment.getExternalStorageDirectory() + File.separator + FILE_NAME; DownloadHelper.download(PDF_URL, localPath, new DownloadHelper.OnDownloadListener() { @Override public void onStart() { mDownloadBtn.setText("下载中"); mDownloadBtn.setEnabled(false); mStatus.setText("下载中"); mProgressBar.setProgress(0); } @Override public void onSuccess(File file) { mDownloadBtn.setText("下载完成"); mStatus.setText(String.format("下载完成：%s", file.getPath())); } @Override public void onFail(File file, String failInfo) { mDownloadBtn.setText("开始下载"); mDownloadBtn.setEnabled(true); mStatus.setText(String.format("下载失败：%s", failInfo)); } @Override public void onProgress(int progress) { mProgressBar.setProgress(progress); } }); } }); }}

DownloadHelper：

class DownloadHelper { static void download(String url, String localPath, OnDownloadListener listener) { DownloadAsyncTask task = new DownloadAsyncTask(url, localPath, listener); task.execute(); } private static class DownloadAsyncTask extends AsyncTask<String, Integer, Boolean> { private String mFailInfo; private String mUrl; private String mFilePath; private OnDownloadListener mListener; DownloadAsyncTask(String mUrl, String mFilePath, OnDownloadListener mListener) { this.mUrl = mUrl; this.mFilePath = mFilePath; this.mListener = mListener; } @Override protected Boolean doInBackground(String... params) { String pdfUrl = mUrl; try { URL url = new URL(pdfUrl); URLConnection urlConnection = url.openConnection(); InputStream in = urlConnection.getInputStream(); int contentLength = urlConnection.getContentLength(); File pdfFile = new File(mFilePath); if (pdfFile.exists()) { boolean result = pdfFile.delete(); if (!result) { mFailInfo = "存储路径下的同名文件删除失败！"; return false; } } int downloadSize = 0; byte[] bytes = new byte[1024]; int length; OutputStream out = new FileOutputStream(mFilePath); while ((length = in.read(bytes)) != -1) { out.write(bytes, 0, length); downloadSize += length; publishProgress(downloadSize / contentLength * 100); } in.close(); out.close(); } catch (IOException e) { e.printStackTrace(); mFailInfo = e.getMessage(); return false; } return true; } @Override protected void onPreExecute() { super.onPreExecute(); if (mListener != null) { mListener.onStart(); } } @Override protected void onPostExecute(Boolean aBoolean) { super.onPostExecute(aBoolean); if (mListener != null) { if (aBoolean) { mListener.onSuccess(new File(mFilePath)); } else { mListener.onFail(new File(mFilePath), mFailInfo); } } } @Override protected void onProgressUpdate(Integer... values) { super.onProgressUpdate(values); if (values != null && values.length > 0) { if (mListener != null) { mListener.onProgress(values[0]); } } } } interface OnDownloadListener{ void onStart(); void onSuccess(File file); void onFail(File file, String failInfo); void onProgress(int progress); }}

总结

以上所述是小编给大家介绍的Android中使用AsyncTask实现下载文件动态更新进度条功能，希望对大家有所帮助，如果大家有任何疑问请给我留言，小编会及时回复大家的。在此也非常感谢大家对网站的支持！