在matlab中，存在执行直接得函数来添加高斯噪声和椒盐噪声。Python-OpenCV中虽然不存在直接得函数，但是很容易使用相关的函数来实现。

代码：

import numpy as npimport randomimport cv2def sp_noise(image,prob): ''' 添加椒盐噪声 prob:噪声比例 ''' output = np.zeros(image.shape,np.uint8) thres = 1 - prob for i in range(image.shape[0]): for j in range(image.shape[1]): rdn = random.random() if rdn < prob: output[i][j] = 0 elif rdn > thres: output[i][j] = 255 else: output[i][j] = image[i][j] return outputdef gasuss_noise(image, mean=0, var=0.001): ''' 添加高斯噪声 mean : 均值 var : 方差 ''' image = np.array(image/255, dtype=float) noise = np.random.normal(mean, var ** 0.5, image.shape) out = image + noise if out.min() < 0: low_clip = -1. else: low_clip = 0. out = np.clip(out, low_clip, 1.0) out = np.uint8(out*255) #cv.imshow("gasuss", out) return out

可见，只要我们得到满足某个分布的多维数组，就能作为噪声添加到图片中。

例如：

import cv2import numpy as np>>> im = np.empty((5,5), np.uint8) # needs preallocated input image>>> imarray([[248, 168, 58, 2, 1], # uninitialized memory counts as random, too ? fun ;) [ 0, 100, 2, 0, 101], [ 0, 0, 106, 2, 0], [131, 2, 0, 90, 3], [ 0, 100, 1, 0, 83]], dtype=uint8)>>> im = np.zeros((5,5), np.uint8) # seriously now.>>> imarray([[0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0, 0], [0, 0, 0, 0, 0]], dtype=uint8)>>> cv2.randn(im,(0),(99)) # normalarray([[ 0, 76, 0, 129, 0], [ 0, 0, 0, 188, 27], [ 0, 152, 0, 0, 0], [ 0, 0, 134, 79, 0], [ 0, 181, 36, 128, 0]], dtype=uint8)>>> cv2.randu(im,(0),(99)) # uniformarray([[19, 53, 2, 86, 82], [86, 73, 40, 64, 78], [34, 20, 62, 80, 7], [24, 92, 37, 60, 72], [40, 12, 27, 33, 18]], dtype=uint8)

然后再：

img = ...noise = ...image = img + noise

参考链接：

1、https://stackoverflow.com/questions/22937589/how-to-add-noise-gaussian-salt-and-pepper-etc-to-image-in-python-with-opencv#

2、https://stackoverflow.com/questions/14435632/impulse-gaussian-and-salt-and-pepper-noise-with-opencv#

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。