使用Python爬虫库requests多线程抓取猫眼电影TOP100思路：

查看网页源代码

抓取单页内容

正则表达式提取信息

猫眼TOP100所有信息写入文件

多线程抓取

• 运行平台：windows
• Python版本：Python 3.7.
• IDE:Sublime Text
• 浏览器：Chrome浏览器

1.查看猫眼电影TOP100网页原代码

按F12查看网页源代码发现每一个电影的信息都在“<dd></dd>”标签之中。

点开之后，信息如下：

2.抓取单页内容

在浏览器中打开猫眼电影网站，点击“榜单”，再点击“TOP100榜”如下图：

接下来通过以下代码获取网页源代码：

#-*-coding:utf-8-*-import requestsfrom requests.exceptions import RequestException #猫眼电影网站有反爬虫措施，设置headers后可以爬取headers = { 'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8', 'Origin':'https://maoyan.com', 'Referer':'https://maoyan.com/board/4', 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36' } #爬取网页源代码def get_one_page(url,headers): try: response =requests.get(url,headers =headers) if response.status_code == 200: return response.text return None except RequestsException: return None def main(): url = "https://maoyan.com/board/4" html = get_one_page(url,headers) print(html) if __name__ == '__main__': main()

执行结果如下：

3.正则表达式提取信息

上图标示信息即为要提取的信息，代码实现如下：

#-*-coding:utf-8-*-import requestsimport refrom requests.exceptions import RequestException #猫眼电影网站有反爬虫措施，设置headers后可以爬取headers = { 'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8', 'Origin':'https://maoyan.com', 'Referer':'https://maoyan.com/board/4', 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36' } #爬取网页源代码def get_one_page(url,headers): try: response =requests.get(url,headers =headers) if response.status_code == 200: return response.text return None except RequestsException: return None #正则表达式提取信息def parse_one_page(html): pattern = re.compile('<dd>.*?board-index.*?>(\d+)</i>.*?data-src="(.*?)".*?name"><a' +'.*?>(.*?)</a>.*?star">(.*?)</p>.*?releasetime">(.*?)</p>.*?integer">(.*?)</i>.*?fraction">(.*?)</i>.*?</dd>',re.S) items = re.findall(pattern,html) for item in items: yield{ 'index':item[0], 'image':item[1], 'title':item[2], 'actor':item[3].strip()[3:], 'time':item[4].strip()[5:], 'score':item[5]+item[6] } def main(): url = "https://maoyan.com/board/4" html = get_one_page(url,headers) for item in parse_one_page(html): print(item) if __name__ == '__main__': main()

执行结果如下：

4.猫眼TOP100所有信息写入文件

上边代码实现单页的信息抓取，要想爬取100个电影的信息，先观察每一页url的变化，点开每一页我们会发现url进行变化，原url后面多了‘？offset=0',且offset的值变化从0,10,20，变化如下：

代码实现如下：

#-*-coding:utf-8-*-import requestsimport reimport jsonimport osfrom requests.exceptions import RequestException #猫眼电影网站有反爬虫措施，设置headers后可以爬取headers = { 'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8', 'Origin':'https://maoyan.com', 'Referer':'https://maoyan.com/board/4', 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36' } #爬取网页源代码def get_one_page(url,headers): try: response =requests.get(url,headers =headers) if response.status_code == 200: return response.text return None except RequestsException: return None #正则表达式提取信息def parse_one_page(html): pattern = re.compile('<dd>.*?board-index.*?>(\d+)</i>.*?data-src="(.*?)".*?name"><a' +'.*?>(.*?)</a>.*?star">(.*?)</p>.*?releasetime">(.*?)</p>.*?integer">(.*?)</i>.*?fraction">(.*?)</i>.*?</dd>',re.S) items = re.findall(pattern,html) for item in items: yield{ 'index':item[0], 'image':item[1], 'title':item[2], 'actor':item[3].strip()[3:], 'time':item[4].strip()[5:], 'score':item[5]+item[6] }#猫眼TOP100所有信息写入文件def write_to_file(content): #encoding ='utf-8',ensure_ascii =False,使写入文件的代码显示为中文 with open('result.txt','a',encoding ='utf-8') as f: f.write(json.dumps(content,ensure_ascii =False)+'\n') f.close()#下载电影封面def save_image_file(url,path): jd = requests.get(url) if jd.status_code == 200: with open(path,'wb') as f: f.write(jd.content) f.close() def main(offset): url = "https://maoyan.com/board/4?offset="+str(offset) html = get_one_page(url,headers) if not os.path.exists('covers'): os.mkdir('covers') for item in parse_one_page(html): print(item) write_to_file(item) save_image_file(item['image'],'covers/'+item['title']+'.jpg') if __name__ == '__main__': #对每一页信息进行爬取 for i in range(10): main(i*10)

爬取结果如下：

5.多线程抓取

进行比较，发现多线程爬取时间明显较快：

多线程：

以下为完整代码：

#-*-coding:utf-8-*-import requestsimport reimport jsonimport osfrom requests.exceptions import RequestExceptionfrom multiprocessing import Pool#猫眼电影网站有反爬虫措施，设置headers后可以爬取headers = { 'Content-Type': 'text/plain; charset=UTF-8', 'Origin':'https://maoyan.com', 'Referer':'https://maoyan.com/board/4', 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; Win64; x64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/67.0.3396.99 Safari/537.36' } #爬取网页源代码def get_one_page(url,headers): try: response =requests.get(url,headers =headers) if response.status_code == 200: return response.text return None except RequestsException: return None #正则表达式提取信息def parse_one_page(html): pattern = re.compile('<dd>.*?board-index.*?>(\d+)</i>.*?data-src="(.*?)".*?name"><a' +'.*?>(.*?)</a>.*?star">(.*?)</p>.*?releasetime">(.*?)</p>.*?integer">(.*?)</i>.*?fraction">(.*?)</i>.*?</dd>',re.S) items = re.findall(pattern,html) for item in items: yield{ 'index':item[0], 'image':item[1], 'title':item[2], 'actor':item[3].strip()[3:], 'time':item[4].strip()[5:], 'score':item[5]+item[6] }#猫眼TOP100所有信息写入文件def write_to_file(content): #encoding ='utf-8',ensure_ascii =False,使写入文件的代码显示为中文 with open('result.txt','a',encoding ='utf-8') as f: f.write(json.dumps(content,ensure_ascii =False)+'\n') f.close()#下载电影封面def save_image_file(url,path): jd = requests.get(url) if jd.status_code == 200: with open(path,'wb') as f: f.write(jd.content) f.close() def main(offset): url = "https://maoyan.com/board/4?offset="+str(offset) html = get_one_page(url,headers) if not os.path.exists('covers'): os.mkdir('covers') for item in parse_one_page(html): print(item) write_to_file(item) save_image_file(item['image'],'covers/'+item['title']+'.jpg') if __name__ == '__main__': #对每一页信息进行爬取 pool = Pool() pool.map(main,[i*10 for i in range(10)]) pool.close() pool.join()

本文主要讲解了使用Python爬虫库requests多线程抓取猫眼电影TOP100数据的实例,更多关于Python爬虫库的知识请查看下面的相关链接