Go 使用Unmarshal将json赋给struct出错的原因及解决

时间:2021-05-22

例如:

将json:

{ "name": "Laura" "age": "18"}

赋给struct:

type PersonalInfo struct { Name string `json:"name"` Age string `json:"age"`}

用语句:

person := PersonalInfo{}err := json.Unmarshal(json, &persona)//json为上面的[]byte

出错原因:

1、struct中变量名是不可导出的(首写字母是小写的),需要把首写字母改成大写

2、需要传输person的指针

3、struct中json的名字与json中的名字需要一模一样

补充:Go语言处理JSON之——利用Unmarshal解析json字符串

简单的解析例子:

首先还是从官方文档中的例子:

package mainimport ( "fmt" "encoding/json")type Animal struct { Name string Order string}func main() { var jsonBlob = []byte(`[ {"Name": "Platypus", "Order": "Monotremata"}, {"Name": "Quoll", "Order": "Dasyuromorphia"} ]`) var animals []Animal err := json.Unmarshal(jsonBlob, &animals) if err != nil { fmt.Println("error:", err) } fmt.Printf("%+v", animals)}

输出:

[{Name:Platypus Order:Monotremata} {Name:Quoll Order:Dasyuromorphia}]

简单进行修改,修改为:

package mainimport ( "fmt" "encoding/json")type Animal struct { Name string Order string}func main() { var jsonBlob = []byte(`{"Name": "Platypus", "Order": "Monotremata"}`) var animals Animal err := json.Unmarshal(jsonBlob, &animals) if err != nil { fmt.Println("error:", err) } fmt.Printf("%+v", animals)}

输出:

{Name:Platypus Order:Monotremata}

还是之前的例子:

解析这样的一个json字符串:

{ "first fruit": { "describe":"an apple", "icon":"appleIcon", "name":"apple" }, "second fruit": { "describe":"an orange", "icon":"orangeIcon", "name":"orange" }, "three fruit array": [ "eat 0", "eat 1", "eat 2", "eat 3", "eat 4" ]}

go代码:

package mainimport ( "fmt" "encoding/json")type Fruit struct { Describe string `json:"describe"` Icon string `json:"icon"` Name string `json:"name"`}type FruitGroup struct { FirstFruit *Fruit `json:"first fruit"` //指针,指向引用对象;如果不用指针,只是值复制 SecondFruit *Fruit `json:"second fruit"` //指针,指向引用对象;如果不用指针,只是值复制 THreeFruitArray []string `json:"three fruit array"`}func main() { var jsonBlob = []byte(`{ "first fruit": { "describe": "an apple", "icon": "appleIcon", "name": "apple" }, "second fruit": { "describe": "an orange", "icon": "appleIcon", "name": "orange" }, "three fruit array": [ "eat 0", "eat 1", "eat 2", "eat 3" ]}`) var fruitGroup FruitGroup err := json.Unmarshal(jsonBlob, &fruitGroup) if err != nil { fmt.Println("error:", err) } fmt.Printf("%+v\n", fruitGroup) fmt.Printf("%+v\n", fruitGroup.FirstFruit) fmt.Printf("%+v\n", fruitGroup.SecondFruit)}

运行结果:

{FirstFruit:0xc00006c5a0 SecondFruit:0xc00006c5d0 THreeFruitArray:[eat 0 eat 1 eat 2 eat 3]}&{Describe:an apple Icon:appleIcon Name:apple}&{Describe:an orange Icon:appleIcon Name:orange}

以上为个人经验,希望能给大家一个参考,也希望大家多多支持。如有错误或未考虑完全的地方,望不吝赐教。

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