对于分布式追踪，主要有以下的几个概念：

• 追踪 Trace：就是由分布的微服务协作所支撑的一个事务。一个追踪，包含为该事务提供服务的各个服务请求。
• 跨度 Span：Span是事务中的一个工作流，一个Span包含了时间戳，日志和标签信息。Span之间包含父子关系，或者主从(Followup)关系。
• 跨度上下文 Span Context：跨度上下文是支撑分布式追踪的关键，它可以在调用的服务之间传递，上下文的内容包括诸如：从一个服务传递到另一个服务的时间，追踪的ID，Span的ID还有其它需要从上游服务传递到下游服务的信息。

我实现了一种简单的调用追踪。

import uuidimport osimport timel = []class Recorder(object): def __init__(self,servername,root_span = None): if root_span == None: self.__span = Span(servername) else: self.__span = Span(servername,root_span) #上下文管理器 def __enter__(self): return self.__span # 退出方法中，用来实现善后处理工作 def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb): self.__span.record() self.__span.record_save(self.__span.span)class Span(object): def __init__(self,servername,root_span = None): self.servername = servername self.span = self.newspan() if root_span != None: root_span.dic['child_span'] = self.span self.span["root_span_flag"] = False def newspan(self): self.dic = { "spanid": uuid.uuid4().int, "servername": self.servername, "location": "", "ip": "", "durationtime": 0, "starttime": time.time(), "endtime":0, "tag": "", "log": "", "root_span_flag":True, "child_span": "" } return self.dic def record_save(self, span): currenttracer = {"id": span["spanid"], "data": span} print(currenttracer) l.append(currenttracer) def record(self): self.span["servername"] = self.servername self.span["location"] = os.getcwd() + "." + self.servername self.span["endtime"] = time.time() self.span["durationtime"] = self.span["endtime"] - self.span["starttime"] def setspantag(self,tag): self.span["tag"] = tag def setspanlog(self,log): self.span["log"] = log# 连续调用with Recorder('server1') as span: time.sleep(1) span.setspantag("test") #调用server1方法 print("server1") with Recorder('server2',span) as span1: time.sleep(2) # 调用server2方法 print("server2") with Recorder('server3',span1) as span2: time.sleep(0.5) # 调用server3方法 print("server3")#单独调用记录with Recorder('server4') as span_test1: time.sleep(1.5) print("server4")with Recorder('server5') as span_test2: time.sleep(2) print("server5")

运行结果：

server1server2server3{'id': 224716339449765695394515303164364012192, 'data': {'spanid': 224716339449765695394515303164364012192, 'servername': 'server3', 'location': 'D:\\python_protest\\protest\\trace\\trace_main.server3', 'ip': '', 'durationtime': 0.5004403591156006, 'starttime': 1598947338.0551107, 'endtime': 1598947338.555551, 'tag': '', 'log': '', 'root_span_flag': False, 'child_span': None}}{'id': 254736847532758359233387151739984206570, 'data': {'spanid': 254736847532758359233387151739984206570, 'servername': 'server2', 'location': 'D:\\python_protest\\protest\\trace\\trace_main.server2', 'ip': '', 'durationtime': 2.501264810562134, 'starttime': 1598947336.0542862, 'endtime': 1598947338.555551, 'tag': '', 'log': '', 'root_span_flag': False, 'child_span': {'spanid': 224716339449765695394515303164364012192, 'servername': 'server3', 'location': 'D:\\python_protest\\protest\\trace\\trace_main.server3', 'ip': '', 'durationtime': 0.5004403591156006, 'starttime': 1598947338.0551107, 'endtime': 1598947338.555551, 'tag': '', 'log': '', 'root_span_flag': False, 'child_span': None}}}{'id': 91028031631192607088457781914309166266, 'data': {'spanid': 91028031631192607088457781914309166266, 'servername': 'server1', 'location': 'D:\\python_protest\\protest\\trace\\trace_main.server1', 'ip': '', 'durationtime': 3.5021069049835205, 'starttime': 1598947335.0534441, 'endtime': 1598947338.555551, 'tag': 'test', 'log': '', 'root_span_flag': True, 'child_span': {'spanid': 254736847532758359233387151739984206570, 'servername': 'server2', 'location': 'D:\\python_protest\\protest\\trace\\trace_main.server2', 'ip': '', 'durationtime': 2.501264810562134, 'starttime': 1598947336.0542862, 'endtime': 1598947338.555551, 'tag': '', 'log': '', 'root_span_flag': False, 'child_span': {'spanid': 224716339449765695394515303164364012192, 'servername': 'server3', 'location': 'D:\\python_protest\\protest\\trace\\trace_main.server3', 'ip': '', 'durationtime': 0.5004403591156006, 'starttime': 1598947338.0551107, 'endtime': 1598947338.555551, 'tag': '', 'log': '', 'root_span_flag': False, 'child_span': None}}}}server4{'id': 103171729522922437998918618387133480096, 'data': {'spanid': 103171729522922437998918618387133480096, 'servername': 'server4', 'location': 'D:\\python_protest\\protest\\trace\\trace_main.server4', 'ip': '', 'durationtime': 1.5001769065856934, 'starttime': 1598947338.555551, 'endtime': 1598947340.055728, 'tag': '', 'log': '', 'root_span_flag': True, 'child_span': None}}server5{'id': 320091321623887285825256878422834254741, 'data': {'spanid': 320091321623887285825256878422834254741, 'servername': 'server5', 'location': 'D:\\python_protest\\protest\\trace\\trace_main.server5', 'ip': '', 'durationtime': 2.0005736351013184, 'starttime': 1598947340.055728, 'endtime': 1598947342.0563016, 'tag': '', 'log': '', 'root_span_flag': True, 'child_span': None}}

关于下一步，会使用redis存储其结果，并进行相应的输出分析。

修过不能追踪同级调用的问题

import uuidimport osimport timel = []class Recorder(object): def __init__(self,servername,root_span = None): if root_span == None: self.__span = Span(servername) else: self.__span = Span(servername,root_span) #上下文管理器 def __enter__(self): return self.__span # 退出方法中，用来实现善后处理工作 def __exit__(self, exc_type, exc_val, exc_tb): self.__span.record() self.__span.record_save(self.__span.span)class Span(object): def __init__(self,servername,root_span = None): self.servername = servername self.span = self.newspan() if root_span != None: root_span.dic['child_span'].append(self.span) self.span["root_span_flag"] = False def newspan(self): self.dic = { "spanid": uuid.uuid4().int, "servername": self.servername, "location": "", "ip": "", "durationtime": 0, "starttime": time.time(), "endtime":0, "tag": "", "log": "", "root_span_flag":True, "child_span": [] } return self.dic def record_save(self, span): currenttracer = {"id": span["spanid"], "data": span} print(currenttracer) l.append(currenttracer) def record(self): self.span["servername"] = self.servername self.span["location"] = os.getcwd() + "." + self.servername self.span["endtime"] = time.time() self.span["durationtime"] = self.span["endtime"] - self.span["starttime"] def setspantag(self,tag): self.span["tag"] = tag def setspanlog(self,log): self.span["log"] = log# 连续调用with Recorder('server1') as span: time.sleep(1) span.setspantag("test") #调用server1方法 print("server1") with Recorder('server2',span) as span1: time.sleep(2) # 调用server2方法 print("server2") with Recorder('server3',span1) as span2: time.sleep(0.5) # 调用server3方法 print("server3")# 并级连续调用# with Recorder('server1') as span1:# time.sleep(1)# span1.setspantag("test")# #调用server1方法# print("server1")# with Recorder('server2',span1) as span2:# time.sleep(2)# # 调用server2方法# print("server2")# with Recorder('server3',span1) as span3:# time.sleep(0.5)# # 调用server3方法# print("server3")# #单独调用记录# with Recorder('server4') as span_test1:# time.sleep(1.5)# print("server4")## with Recorder('server5') as span_test2:# time.sleep(2)# print("server5")

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。