参考网上的例子，实现了简单的matplotlib pyqt5绘图

相关知识点：
（1）pyqt5中添加控件要在布局中添加
（2）布局可以使用replaceWidget替换控件
（3）信号与槽机制

timer = QtCore.QTimer(self)timer.timeout.connect(self.update_figure)self.btnPlot.clicked.connect(self.plotButton_callback)

实现的效果

import sysfrom PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, uicfrom PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMainWindow, QAction, qApp, QApplication, QMessageBox, QVBoxLayout, QSizePolicy, QWidgetfrom PyQt5.QtGui import QIconfrom matplotlib.backends.backend_qt5agg import FigureCanvasQTAgg as FigureCanvasfrom matplotlib.figure import Figureimport matplotlib.pyplot as pltimport numpy as npqtCreatorFile = "matplotlib_ui.ui"# 使用uic加载Ui_MainWindow, QtBaseClass = uic.loadUiType(qtCreatorFile)class MyMplCanvas(FigureCanvas): """这是一个窗口部件，即QWidget（当然也是FigureCanvasAgg）""" def __init__(self, parent=None, width=5, height=4, dpi=100): fig = Figure(figsize=(width, height), dpi=dpi) self.axes = fig.add_subplot(111) # 每次plot()调用的时候，我们希望原来的坐标轴被清除(所以False) self.axes.hold(False) self.axes.grid('on') self.compute_initial_figure() # FigureCanvas.__init__(self, fig) self.setParent(parent) FigureCanvas.setSizePolicy(self, QSizePolicy.Expanding, QSizePolicy.Expanding) FigureCanvas.updateGeometry(self) def compute_initial_figure(self): passclass MyStaticMplCanvas(MyMplCanvas): """静态画布：一条正弦线""" def compute_initial_figure(self): t = np.arange(0.0, 3.0, 0.01) s = np.sin(2 * np.pi * t) self.axes.grid('on') self.axes.plot(t, s)class MyDynamicMplCanvas(MyMplCanvas): """动态画布：每秒自动更新，更换一条折线。""" def __init__(self, *args, **kwargs): MyMplCanvas.__init__(self, *args, **kwargs) timer = QtCore.QTimer(self) timer.timeout.connect(self.update_figure) timer.start(1000) def compute_initial_figure(self): self.axes.grid('on') self.axes.plot([0, 1, 2, 3], [1, 2, 0, 4], 'r') def update_figure(self): # 构建4个随机整数，位于闭区间[0, 10] l = [np.random.randint(0, 10) for i in range(4)] self.axes.grid('on') self.axes.plot([0, 1, 2, 3], l, 'r') self.draw()class MyApp(QMainWindow, Ui_MainWindow): def __init__(self): QMainWindow.__init__(self) Ui_MainWindow.__init__(self) super().__init__() self.initUI() self.initBtn() self.initFrame() def initFrame(self): self.main_widget = self.frame self.layout = QVBoxLayout(self.main_widget) self.f = MyMplCanvas(self.main_widget) self.layout.addWidget(self.f) def initUI(self): self.setupUi(self) self.setWindowTitle("PyQt5结合Matplotlib绘图") self.setWindowIcon(QIcon("rocket.ico")) # 设置图标，linux下只有任务栏会显示图标 self.show() def initBtn(self): self.btnPlot.clicked.connect(self.plotButton_callback) self.btnPlot.setToolTip("Button") def plotButton_callback(self): self.drawFrame() def drawFrame(self): sc = MyStaticMplCanvas(self.main_widget, width=5, height=4, dpi=100) dc = MyDynamicMplCanvas(self.f, width=5, height=4, dpi=100) self.layout.addWidget(sc) self.layout.replaceWidget(self.f,dc) # 替换控件if __name__ == '__main__': app = QApplication(sys.argv) ex = MyApp() sys.exit(app.exec_())

参考链接：https:///hhh5460/p/4322652.html

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