本文实例讲述了Python简单读写Xls格式文档的方法。分享给大家供大家参考，具体如下：

1. 模块安装

使用pip install命令安装，
即：

pip install xlrdpip install xlwt

如下图：

2. python 代码

import xlrdimport xlwtimport datetime def set_style(name,height,format,bold=False): style = xlwt.XFStyle() if format.strip()!='': style.num_format_str =format font = xlwt.Font() font.name=name font.bold=bold font.color_index=4 font.height=height alignment = xlwt.Alignment() #HORZ_GENERAL, HORZ_LEFT, HORZ_CENTER, HORZ_RIGHT, HORZ_FILLED, HORZ_JUSTIFIED, HORZ_CENTER_ACROSS_SEL, HORZ_DISTRIBUTED alignment.horz = xlwt.Alignment.HORZ_CENTER #VERT_TOP, VERT_CENTER, VERT_BOTTOM, VERT_JUSTIFIED, VERT_DISTRIBUTED alignment.vert = xlwt.Alignment.VERT_CENTER style.alignment = alignment style.font=font return styledef set_colstyle(sheet,cindex): col=sheet.col(cindex) col.width =256*20 #col.height =100def writeXls(path): wb = xlwt.Workbook() sheet = wb.add_sheet('测试',cell_overwrite_ok=True) set_colstyle(sheet,3) #标题 heads=['姓名','学科','分数','日期'] for h in range(0,len(heads)): sheet.write(0,h,heads[h],set_style('Arial',300,'',True)) #数据 sheet.write_merge(1,2,0,0,'张三',set_style('Arial',300,'',False)) sheet.write(1,1,'语文',set_style('Arial',240,'',False)) sheet.write(1,2,85,set_style('Arial',240,'',False)) sheet.write(1,3,datetime.date.today(),set_style('Arial',240,'yyyy/mm/dd',False)) sheet.write(2,1,'数学',set_style('Arial',240,'',False)) sheet.write(2,2,85,set_style('Arial',240,'',False)) sheet.write(2,3,datetime.date.today(),set_style('Arial',240,'yyyy/mm/dd',False)) sheet.write_merge(3,4,0,0,'李四',set_style('Arial',300,'',False)) sheet.write(3,1,'语文',set_style('Arial',240,'',False)) sheet.write(3,2,95,set_style('Arial',240,'',False)) sheet.write(3,3,datetime.date.today(),set_style('Arial',240,'yyyy/mm/dd',False)) sheet.write(4,1,'数学',set_style('Arial',240,'',False)) sheet.write(4,2,95,set_style('Arial',240,'',False)) sheet.write(4,3,datetime.date.today(),set_style('Arial',240,'yyyy/mm/dd',False)) wb.save(path)def ismerge(sheet,merge,r,c): #merge=sheet.merged_cells for m in merge: if r>=m[0] and r<m[1] and c==m[2]: r=m[0] c==m[2] break return r,cdef readXls(path): wb=xlrd.open_workbook(path,formatting_info=True) #sheetname=wb.sheet_names()[0] sheet=wb.sheet_by_index(0) rows=sheet.nrows cols=sheet.ncols merge=sheet.merged_cells #merged_cells返回的这四个参数的含义是：(row,row_range,col,col_range), #其中[row,row_range)包括row,不包括row_range print('--------------------------------------------------------------------') for r in range(0,rows): listStr = [] for c in range(0,cols): merg=ismerge(sheet,merge,r,c) if (sheet.cell(merg[0],merg[1]).ctype==3): data_value=xlrd.xldate_as_tuple(sheet.cell_value(merg[0],merg[1]),wb.datemode) #print(datetime.date(*data_value[:3]).strftime('%Y/%m/%d')) listStr.append(datetime.date(*data_value[:3]).strftime('%Y/%m/%d')) else: #print(sheet.cell_value(merg[0],merg[1])) listStr.append(sheet.cell_value(merg[0],merg[1])) #print(sheet.cell(merg[0],merg[1]).value) #print(sheet.cell(r,c).ctype) print(' |\t'.join(str(s) for s in listStr if s not in [None])) print('--------------------------------------------------------------------')if __name__ == '__main__': #writeXls('H:\测试.xls') readXls('H:\测试.xls')

3.效果展示

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希望本文所述对大家Python程序设计有所帮助。