本文实例讲述了python实现的文件同步服务器。分享给大家供大家参考。具体实现方法如下：

服务端使用asyncore, 收到文件后保存到本地。

客户端使用pyinotify监视目录的变化 ，把变动的文件发送到服务端。

重点：

1. 使用structs打包发送文件的信息，服务端收到后，根据文件信息来接收客户端传送过来的文件。

2. 客户端使用多线程，pyinotify监视到文件变化，放到队列中，由另外一个线程发送。

上代码：

服务端：

# receive file from client and store them into file use asyncore.# #/usr/bin/python #coding: utf-8 import asyncore import socket from socket import errno import logging import time import sys import struct import os import fcntl import threading from rrd_graph import MakeGraph try: import rrdtool except (ImportError, ImportWarnning): print "Hope this information can help you:" print "Can not find pyinotify module in sys path, just run [apt-get install python-rrdtool] in ubuntu." sys.exit(1) class RequestHandler(asyncore.dispatcher): def __init__(self, sock, map=None, chunk_size=1024): self.logger = logging.getLogger('%s-%s' % (self.__class__.__name__, str(sock.getsockname()))) self.chunk_size = chunk_size asyncore.dispatcher.__init__(self,sock,map) self.data_to_write = list() def readable(self): #self.logger.debug("readable() called.") return True def writable(self): response = (not self.connected) or len(self.data_to_write) #self.logger.debug('writable() -> %s data length -> %s' % (response, len(self.data_to_write))) return response def handle_write(self): data = self.data_to_write.pop() #self.logger.debug("handle_write()->%s size: %s",data.rstrip('\r\n'),len(data)) sent = self.send(data[:self.chunk_size]) if sent < len(data): remaining = data[sent:] self.data_to_write.append(remaining) def handle_read(self): self.writen_size = 0 nagios_perfdata = '../perfdata' head_packet_format = "!LL128s128sL" head_packet_size = struct.calcsize(head_packet_format) data = self.recv(head_packet_size) if not data: return filepath_len, filename_len, filepath,filename, filesize = struct.unpack(head_packet_format,data) filepath = os.path.join(nagios_perfdata, filepath[:filepath_len]) filename = filename[:filename_len] self.logger.debug("update file: %s" % filepath + '/' + filename) try: if not os.path.exists(filepath): os.makedirs(filepath) except OSError: pass self.fd = open(os.path.join(filepath,filename), 'w') #self.fd = open(filename,'w') if filesize > self.chunk_size: times = filesize / self.chunk_size first_part_size = times * self.chunk_size second_part_size = filesize % self.chunk_size while 1: try: data = self.recv(self.chunk_size) #self.logger.debug("handle_read()->%s size.",len(data)) except socket.error,e: if e.args[0] == errno.EWOULDBLOCK: print "EWOULDBLOCK" time.sleep(1) else: #self.logger.debug("Error happend while receive data: %s" % e) break else: self.fd.write(data) self.fd.flush() self.writen_size += len(data) if self.writen_size == first_part_size: break #receive the packet at last while 1: try: data = self.recv(second_part_size) #self.logger.debug("handle_read()->%s size.",len(data)) except socket.error,e: if e.args[0] == errno.EWOULDBLOCK: print "EWOULDBLOCK" time.sleep(1) else: #self.logger.debug("Error happend while receive data: %s" % e) break else: self.fd.write(data) self.fd.flush() self.writen_size += len(data) if len(data) == second_part_size: break elif filesize <= self.chunk_size: while 1: try: data = self.recv(filesize) #self.logger.debug("handle_read()->%s size.",len(data)) except socket.error,e: if e.args[0] == errno.EWOULDBLOCK: print "EWOULDBLOCK" time.sleep(1) else: #self.logger.debug("Error happend while receive data: %s" % e) break else: self.fd.write(data) self.fd.flush() self.writen_size += len(data) if len(data) == filesize: break self.logger.debug("File size: %s" % self.writen_size) class SyncServer(asyncore.dispatcher): def __init__(self,host,port): asyncore.dispatcher.__init__(self) self.debug = True self.logger = logging.getLogger(self.__class__.__name__) self.create_socket(socket.AF_INET,socket.SOCK_STREAM) self.set_reuse_addr() self.bind((host,port)) self.listen(2000) def handle_accept(self): client_socket = self.accept() if client_socket is None: pass else: sock, addr = client_socket #self.logger.debug("Incoming connection from %s" % repr(addr)) handler = RequestHandler(sock=sock) class RunServer(threading.Thread): def __init__(self): super(RunServer,self).__init__() self.daemon = False def run(self): server = SyncServer('',9999) asyncore.loop(use_poll=True) def StartServer(): logging.basicConfig(level=logging.DEBUG, format='%(name)s: %(message)s', ) RunServer().start() #MakeGraph().start() if __name__ == '__main__': StartServer()

客户端：

# monitor path with inotify(python module), and send them to remote server.# # use sendfile(2) instead of send function in socket, if we have python-sendfile installed.# import socket import time import os import sys import struct import threading import Queue try: import pyinotify except (ImportError, ImportWarnning): print "Hope this information can help you:" print "Can not find pyinotify module in sys path, just run [apt-get install python-pyinotify] in ubuntu." sys.exit(1) try: from sendfile import sendfile except (ImportError,ImportWarnning): pass filetype_filter = [".rrd",".xml"] def check_filetype(pathname): for suffix_name in filetype_filter: if pathname[-4:] == suffix_name: return True try: end_string = pathname.rsplit('.')[-1:][0] end_int = int(end_string) except: pass else: # means pathname endwith digit return False class sync_file(threading.Thread): def __init__(self, addr, events_queue): super(sync_file,self).__init__() self.daemon = False self.queue = events_queue self.addr = addr self.chunk_size = 1024 def run(self): while 1: event = self.queue.get() if check_filetype(event.pathname): print time.asctime(),event.maskname, event.pathname filepath = event.path.split('/')[-1:][0] filename = event.name filesize = os.stat(os.path.join(event.path, filename)).st_size sock = socket.socket(socket.AF_INET, socket.SOCK_STREAM) filepath_len = len(filepath) filename_len = len(filename) sock.connect(self.addr) offset = 0 data = struct.pack("!LL128s128sL",filepath_len, filename_len, filepath,filename,filesize) fd = open(event.pathname,'rb') sock.sendall(data) if "sendfile" in sys.modules: # print "use sendfile(2)" while 1: sent = sendfile(sock.fileno(), fd.fileno(), offset, self.chunk_size) if sent == 0: break offset += sent else: # print "use original send function" while 1: data = fd.read(self.chunk_size) if not data: break sock.send(data) sock.close() fd.close() class EventHandler(pyinotify.ProcessEvent): def __init__(self, events_queue): super(EventHandler,self).__init__() self.events_queue = events_queue def my_init(self): pass def process_IN_CLOSE_WRITE(self,event): self.events_queue.put(event) def process_IN_MOVED_TO(self,event): self.events_queue.put(event) def start_notify(path, mask, sync_server): events_queue = Queue.Queue() sync_thread_pool = list() for i in range(500): sync_thread_pool.append(sync_file(sync_server, events_queue)) for i in sync_thread_pool: i.start() wm = pyinotify.WatchManager() notifier = pyinotify.Notifier(wm,EventHandler(events_queue)) wdd = wm.add_watch(path,mask,rec=True) notifier.loop() def do_notify(): perfdata_path = '/var/lib/pnp4nagios/perfdata' mask = pyinotify.IN_CLOSE_WRITE|pyinotify.IN_MOVED_TO sync_server = ('127.0.0.1',9999) start_notify(perfdata_path,mask,sync_server) if __name__ == '__main__': do_notify()

python监视线程池

#!/usr/bin/python import threading import time class Monitor(threading.Thread): def __init__(self, *args,**kwargs): super(Monitor,self).__init__() self.daemon = False self.args = args self.kwargs = kwargs self.pool_list = [] def run(self): print self.args print self.kwargs for name,value in self.kwargs.items(): obj = value[0] temp = {} temp[name] = obj self.pool_list.append(temp) while 1: print self.pool_list for name,value in self.kwargs.items(): obj = value[0] parameters = value[1:] died_threads = self.cal_died_thread(self.pool_list,name) print "died_threads", died_threads if died_threads >0: for i in range(died_threads): print "start %s thread..." % name t = obj[0].__class__(*parameters) t.start() self.add_to_pool_list(t,name) else: break time.sleep(0.5) def cal_died_thread(self,pool_list,name): i = 0 for item in self.pool_list: for k,v in item.items(): if name == k: lists = v for t in lists: if not t.isAlive(): self.remove_from_pool_list(t) i +=1 return i def add_to_pool_list(self,obj,name): for item in self.pool_list: for k,v in item.items(): if name == k: v.append(obj) def remove_from_pool_list(self, obj): for item in self.pool_list: for k,v in item.items(): try: v.remove(obj) except: pass else: return

使用方法：

rrds_queue = Queue.Queue() make_rrds_pool = [] for i in range(5): make_rrds_pool.append(MakeRrds(rrds_queue)) for i in make_rrds_pool: i.start() make_graph_pool = [] for i in range(5): make_graph_pool.append(MakeGraph(rrds_queue)) for i in make_graph_pool: i.start() monitor = Monitor(make_rrds_pool=(make_rrds_pool, rrds_queue), \ make_graph_pool=(make_graph_pool, rrds_queue)) monitor.start()

解析：

1. 接受字典参数，value为一个元组，第一个元素是线程池，后面的都是参数。
2. 每0.5秒监视线程池中的线程数量，如果线程死掉了，记录死掉线程的数目，再启动同样数量的线程。
3. 如果没有线程死去，则什么也不做。

从外部调用Django模块

import os import sys sys.path.insert(0,'/data/cloud_manage') from django.core.management import setup_environ import settings setup_environ(settings) from common.monitor import Monitor from django.db import connection, transaction

前提就是，要新建一个django的project，这里我们新建了一个cloud_manage.
这样不仅可以调用django自身的模块，还能调用project本身的东西。

希望本文所述对大家的Python程序设计有所帮助。