本例主要功能：每隔3秒获取系统内存，当内存超过设定的警报值时，获取所有进程占用内存并发出警报声。内存值和所有进程占用内存记入log，log文件按天命名。

1 获取cpu、内存、进程信息

利用WMI

简单说明下，WMI的全称是Windows Management Instrumentation，即Windows管理规范。它是Windows操作系统上管理数据和操作的基础设施。我们可以使用WMI脚本或者应用自动化管理任务等。

安装模块

WMI下载地址
win32com下载地址：

学会使用WMI

不错的教程

获取cpu、内存、磁盘

def getSysInfo(wmiService = None): result = {} if wmiService == None: wmiService = wmi.WMI() # cpu for cpu in wmiService.Win32_Processor(): timestamp = time.strftime('%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S', time.localtime()) result['cpuPercent'] = cpu.loadPercentage # memory cs = wmiService.Win32_ComputerSystem() os = wmiService.Win32_OperatingSystem() result['memTotal'] = int(int(cs[0].TotalPhysicalMemory)/1024/1024) result['memFree'] = int(int(os[0].FreePhysicalMemory)/1024) result['memPercent']=result['memFree'] * 100 /result['memTotal'] #disk result['diskTotal'] = 0 result['diskFree'] = 0 for disk in wmiService.Win32_LogicalDisk(DriveType=3): result['diskTotal'] += int(disk.Size) result['diskFree'] += int(disk.FreeSpace) result['diskTotal'] = int(result['diskTotal']/1024/1024) result['diskFree'] = int(result['diskFree']/1024/1024) return result

获取所有进程占用内存

def getAllProcessInfo(mywmi = None): """取出全部进程的进程名，进程ID，进程实际内存, 虚拟内存,CPU使用率 """ allProcessList = [] allProcess = mywmi.ExecQuery("SELECT * FROM Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfProc_Process") #print (allProcess.count) for j in allProcess: #print j.Properties_("PercentPrivilegedTime").__int__() ##print j.Properties_("name").__str__()+" "+j.Properties_("IDProcess").__str__()+" "+j.Properties_("PercentPrivilegedTime").__str__() #for pro in j.Properties_: # print (pro.name) #break name = j.Properties_("name").__str__() if name != "_Total" and name !="Idle": pid = j.Properties_("IDProcess").__str__() PercentPrivilegedTime = j.Properties_("PercentPrivilegedTime").__int__() WorkingSetPrivate = j.Properties_("WorkingSetPrivate").__int__()/1024 WorkingSet = j.Properties_("WorkingSet").__int__()/1024 allProcessList.append([name, pid, WorkingSetPrivate, WorkingSet, PercentPrivilegedTime]) return allProcessList

也可以用psutil

import psutil,time from operator import itemgetter, attrgetterdef getProcessInfo(p): """取出指定进程占用的进程名，进程ID，进程实际内存, 虚拟内存,CPU使用率 """ try: cpu = int(p.cpu_percent(interval=0)) memory = p.memory_info() rss = memory.rss/1024 vms = memory.vms/1024 name = p.name() pid = p.pid except psutil.Error: name = "Closed_Process" pid = 0 rss = 0 vms = 0 cpu = 0 #return [name.upper(), pid, rss, vms] return [name, pid, vms, rss, cpu] def getAllProcessInfo(): """取出全部进程的进程名，进程ID，进程实际内存, 虚拟内存,CPU使用率 """ instances = [] all_processes = list(psutil.process_iter()) for proc in all_processes: proc.cpu_percent(interval=0) #此处sleep1秒是取正确取出CPU使用率的重点 time.sleep(1) for proc in all_processes: instances.append(getProcessInfo(proc)) return instances if __name__ == '__main__': processInfoList = getAllProcessInfo() processInfoList.sort(key=itemgetter(2), reverse=True) for p in processInfoList: print(p)

2. 保存log

配置config文件

[loggers]keys=example01[logger_example01]handlers=hand04[handlers]keys=hand04[handler_hand04]class=handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandlerlevel=DEBUGformatter=form01args=('./logs/monitor.log', 'd', 1, 7)[formatters]keys=form01,form02[formatter_form01]format=%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)sdatefmt=%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S

记录log

import loggingimport logging.configlogger.info("message")logger.warning("message")logger.error("message")

3. 完整代码

文件夹结构：

maintain
–monitor
—-logs
—-logger.conf
—-monitor.py
–packages
—-init.py
—-processinfo.py
—-sysinfo.py

monitor

import wmi import timeimport winsound import loggingimport logging.configfrom operator import itemgetter, attrgetterfrom os import pathimport packages.sysinfo #使用wmi#import packages.ProcessInfo #使用#def ShowProcessInfo():# processInfoList = packages.ProcessInfo.getAllProcessInfo()# processInfoList.sort(key=itemgetter(2), reverse=True)# for p in processInfoList: # logger.info(p)def ShowProcessInfo(wmiService = None): processInfoList = packages.sysinfo.getAllProcessInfo(wmiService) processInfoList.sort(key=itemgetter(2), reverse=True) for p in processInfoList: logger.info(p)if __name__ == '__main__': MemPerWorningLine = 50 MemPerErrorLine = 20 ErrorAlertCount = 10 ProcessInfoCount = 10 counterProcessInfo = ProcessInfoCount print("Memory monitor start!") log_file_path = path.join(path.dirname(path.abspath(__file__)), 'logger.conf') #print(log_file_path) logging.config.fileConfig(log_file_path) logger = logging.getLogger("example01") wmiService = wmi.WMI() while True: memPercent = int(packages.sysinfo.getSysInfo(wmiService)['memPercent']) strMemPercent = 'FreeMemory: ' + str(memPercent) + '%' if(memPercent < MemPerErrorLine): logger.error(strMemPercent) #ProcessInfoList counterProcessInfo+=1 if(counterProcessInfo >= ProcessInfoCount): ShowProcessInfo(wmiService) counterProcessInfo = 0 #ALert counter = 1 while counter <= ErrorAlertCount: winsound.Beep(2080, 100) time.sleep(0.1) counter += 1 elif(memPercent < MemPerWorningLine): logger.warning(strMemPercent) #ProcessInfoList counterProcessInfo+=1 if(counterProcessInfo >= ProcessInfoCount): ShowProcessInfo(wmiService) counterProcessInfo = 0 #ALert winsound.Beep(2015, 2000) else: logger.info(strMemPercent) time.sleep(3)

sysinfo

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-import wmi import os import sys import platform import time import win32apiimport win32comfrom win32com.client import GetObjectfrom operator import itemgetter, attrgetterdef getSysInfo(wmiService = None): result = {} if wmiService == None: wmiService = wmi.WMI() # cpu for cpu in wmiService.Win32_Processor(): timestamp = time.strftime('%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S', time.localtime()) result['cpuPercent'] = cpu.loadPercentage # memory cs = wmiService.Win32_ComputerSystem() os = wmiService.Win32_OperatingSystem() result['memTotal'] = int(int(cs[0].TotalPhysicalMemory)/1024/1024) result['memFree'] = int(int(os[0].FreePhysicalMemory)/1024) result['memPercent']=result['memFree'] * 100 /result['memTotal'] #disk result['diskTotal'] = 0 result['diskFree'] = 0 for disk in wmiService.Win32_LogicalDisk(DriveType=3): result['diskTotal'] += int(disk.Size) result['diskFree'] += int(disk.FreeSpace) result['diskTotal'] = int(result['diskTotal']/1024/1024) result['diskFree'] = int(result['diskFree']/1024/1024) return resultdef sys_version(): c = wmi.WMI () #获取操作系统版本 for sys in c.Win32_OperatingSystem(): print ("Version:%s" % sys.Caption.encode("UTF8"),"Vernum:%s" % sys.BuildNumber) print (sys.OSArchitecture.encode("UTF8"))#系统是32位还是64位的 print (sys.NumberOfProcesses) #当前系统运行的进程总数def cpu_mem(): c = wmi.WMI () #CPU类型和内存 for processor in c.Win32_Processor(): #print "Processor ID: %s" % processor.DeviceID print ("Process Name: %s" % processor.Name.strip() ) for Memory in c.Win32_PhysicalMemory(): print ("Memory Capacity: %.fMB" %(int(Memory.Capacity)/1048576))def cpu_use(): #5s取一次CPU的使用率 c = wmi.WMI() while True: for cpu in c.Win32_Processor(): timestamp = time.strftime('%a, %d %b %Y %H:%M:%S', time.localtime()) print ('%s | Utilization: %s: %d %%' % (timestamp, cpu.DeviceID, cpu.LoadPercentage)) time.sleep(5) def disk(): c = wmi.WMI () #获取硬盘分区 for physical_disk in c.Win32_DiskDrive (): for partition in physical_disk.associators ("Win32_DiskDriveToDiskPartition"): for logical_disk in partition.associators ("Win32_LogicalDiskToPartition"): print (physical_disk.Caption.encode("UTF8"), partition.Caption.encode("UTF8"), logical_disk.Caption) #获取硬盘使用百分情况 for disk in c.Win32_LogicalDisk (DriveType=3): print (disk.Caption, "%0.2f%% free" % (100.0 * long (disk.FreeSpace) / long (disk.Size)))def network(): c = wmi.WMI () #获取MAC和IP地址 for interface in c.Win32_NetworkAdapterConfiguration (IPEnabled=1): print ("MAC: %s" % interface.MACAddress ) for ip_address in interface.IPAddress: print ("ip_add: %s" % ip_address ) print #获取自启动程序的位置 for s in c.Win32_StartupCommand (): print ("[%s] %s <%s>" % (s.Location.encode("UTF8"), s.Caption.encode("UTF8"), s.Command.encode("UTF8"))) #获取当前运行的进程 for process in c.Win32_Process (): print (process.ProcessId, process.Name)def getAllProcessInfo(mywmi = None): """取出全部进程的进程名，进程ID，内存（专有工作集）, 工作集 """ allProcessList = [] allProcess = mywmi.ExecQuery("SELECT * FROM Win32_PerfFormattedData_PerfProc_Process") #print (allProcess.count) for j in allProcess: #print j.Properties_("PercentPrivilegedTime").__int__() ##print j.Properties_("name").__str__()+" "+j.Properties_("IDProcess").__str__()+" "+j.Properties_("PercentPrivilegedTime").__str__() #for pro in j.Properties_: # print (pro.name) #break name = j.Properties_("name").__str__() if name != "_Total" and name !="Idle": pid = j.Properties_("IDProcess").__str__() PercentPrivilegedTime = j.Properties_("PercentPrivilegedTime").__int__() WorkingSetPrivate = j.Properties_("WorkingSetPrivate").__int__()/1024 WorkingSet = j.Properties_("WorkingSet").__int__()/1024 allProcessList.append([name, pid, WorkingSetPrivate, WorkingSet, PercentPrivilegedTime])# allProcess = mywmi.ExecQuery("select * from Win32_Process")# for i in allProcess:# Name = str(i.Properties_("Name"))# ProcessID = int(i.Properties_("ProcessID"))# WorkingSetSize = int(i.Properties_("WorkingSetSize"))/1024# #VirtualSize = int(i.Properties_("VirtualSize"))/1024# PeakWorkingSetSize = int(i.Properties_("PeakWorkingSetSize"))/1024# CreationDate = str(i.Properties_("CreationDate"))# allProcessList.append([Name, ProcessID, WorkingSetSize, PeakWorkingSetSize, CreationDate]) return allProcessList#def main(): #sys_version() #cpu_mem() #disk() #network() #cpu_use()if __name__ == '__main__': #mywmi = GetObject("winmgmts:") mywmi = wmi.WMI() processInfoList = getAllProcessInfo(mywmi) processInfoList.sort(key=itemgetter(2), reverse=True) for processinfo in processInfoList: print(processinfo)

processinfo

import psutil,time from operator import itemgetter, attrgetterdef getProcessInfo(p): """取出指定进程占用的进程名，进程ID，进程实际内存, 虚拟内存,CPU使用率 """ try: cpu = int(p.cpu_percent(interval=0)) memory = p.memory_info() rss = memory.rss/1024 vms = memory.vms/1024 name = p.name() pid = p.pid except psutil.Error: name = "Closed_Process" pid = 0 rss = 0 vms = 0 cpu = 0 #return [name.upper(), pid, rss, vms] return [name, pid, vms, rss, cpu] def getAllProcessInfo(): """取出全部进程的进程名，进程ID，进程实际内存, 虚拟内存,CPU使用率 """ instances = [] all_processes = list(psutil.process_iter()) for proc in all_processes: proc.cpu_percent(interval=0) #此处sleep1秒是取正确取出CPU使用率的重点 time.sleep(1) for proc in all_processes: instances.append(getProcessInfo(proc)) return instances if __name__ == '__main__': processInfoList = getAllProcessInfo() processInfoList.sort(key=itemgetter(2), reverse=True) for p in processInfoList: print(p)

logger

#logger.conf###############################################[loggers]keys=root,example01,example02[logger_root]level=DEBUGhandlers=hand01,hand02[logger_example01]handlers=hand01,hand04qualname=example01propagate=0[logger_example02]handlers=hand01,hand03qualname=example02propagate=0###############################################[handlers]keys=hand01,hand02,hand03,hand04[handler_hand01]class=StreamHandlerlevel=INFOformatter=form02args=(sys.stderr,)[handler_hand02]class=FileHandlerlevel=DEBUGformatter=form01args=('myapp.log', 'a')[handler_hand03]class=handlers.RotatingFileHandlerlevel=INFOformatter=form02args=('myapp.log', 'a', 10*1024*1024, 5)[handler_hand04]class=handlers.TimedRotatingFileHandlerlevel=DEBUGformatter=form01args=('./logs/monitor.log', 'd', 1, 7)###############################################[formatters]keys=form01,form02[formatter_form01]format=%(asctime)s %(filename)s[line:%(lineno)d] %(levelname)s %(message)sdatefmt=%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S[formatter_form02]format=%(asctime)-12s: %(levelname)-8s %(message)sdatefmt=%Y-%m-%d %H:%M:%S

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