抓取豆瓣影评评分

正常的抓取

分析请求的url

https://movie.douban.com/subject/26322642/comments?start=20&limit=20&sort=new_score&status=P&percent_type=

里面有用的也就是start和limit参数，我尝试过修改limit参数，但是没有效果，可以认为是默认的
start参数是用来设置从第几条数据开始查询的

• 设计查询列表，发现页面中有url中的查询部分，且指向下一个页面

于是采用下面的代码进行判断是否还有下一个页面

if next_url: visit_URL('https://movie.douban.com/subject/24753477/comments'+next_url)

• 用requests发送请求，beautifulsoup进行网页解析

把数据写入txt

import requestsfrom bs4 import BeautifulSoupfirst_url = 'https://movie.douban.com/subject/26322642/comments?status=P'# 请求头部headers = { 'Host':'movie.douban.com', 'Referer':'https://movie.douban.com/subject/24753477/?tag=%E7%83%AD%E9%97%A8&from=gaia_video', 'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1', 'User-Agent':'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) Chrome/55.0.2883.87 Safari/537.36',}def visit_URL(url): res = requests.get(url=url,headers=headers) soup = BeautifulSoup(res.content,'html5lib') div_comment = soup.find_all('div',class_='comment-item') # 找到所有的评论模块 for com in div_comment: username = com.find('div',class_='avatar').a['title'] comment_time = com.find('span',class_='comment-time')['title'] votes = com.find('span',class_='votes').get_text() comment = com.p.get_text() with open('1.txt','a',encoding='utf8') as file: file.write('评论人：'+username+'\n') file.write('评论时间：'+comment_time+'\n') file.write('支持人数：'+votes+'\n') file.write('评论内容：'+comment+'\n') # 检查是否有下一页 next_url = soup.find('a',class_='next') if next_url: temp = next_url['href'].strip().split('&') # 获取下一个url next_url = ''.join(temp) print(next_url) # print(next_url) if next_url: visit_URL('https://movie.douban.com/subject/24753477/comments'+next_url)if __name__ == '__main__': visit_URL(first_url)

模仿移动端

很多时候模仿移动端获得的页面会比PC端的简单，更加容易解析，这次模拟移动端，发现可以直接访问api获取json格式的数据，nice!

至于怎么模拟移动端只需要将user-agent修改为移动端的头

useragents = [ "Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 9_2 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/601.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) CriOS/47.0.2526.70 Mobile/13C71 Safari/601.1.46", "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 4.4.4; Nexus 5 Build/KTU84P) AppleWebkit/534.30 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/534.30", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows Phone OS 7.5; Trident/5.0; IEMobile/9.0)"

怎么获取这些头部？用火狐的插件user-agent switcher

之后的操作就是解析json

import randomimport requestsimport jsonimport timefirst_url = 'https://m.douban.com/rexxar/api/v2/tv/26322642/interests?count=20&order_by=hot&start=0&ck=dNhr&for_mobile=1'url = 'https://m.douban.com/rexxar/api/v2/tv/26322642/interests'# 移动端头部信息useragents = [ "Mozilla/5.0 (iPhone; CPU iPhone OS 9_2 like Mac OS X) AppleWebKit/601.1 (KHTML, like Gecko) CriOS/47.0.2526.70 Mobile/13C71 Safari/601.1.46", "Mozilla/5.0 (Linux; U; Android 4.4.4; Nexus 5 Build/KTU84P) AppleWebkit/534.30 (KHTML, like Gecko) Version/4.0 Mobile Safari/534.30", "Mozilla/5.0 (compatible; MSIE 9.0; Windows Phone OS 7.5; Trident/5.0; IEMobile/9.0)"]def visit_URL(i): print(">>>>>",i) # 请求头部 headers = { 'Host':'m.douban.com', 'Upgrade-Insecure-Requests':'1', 'User-Agent':random.choice(useragents) } params = { 'count':'50', 'order_by':'hot', 'start':str(i), 'for_mobile':'1', 'ck':'dNhr' } res = requests.get(url=url,headers=headers,params=params) res_json = res.json() interests = res_json['interests'] print(len(interests)) for item in interests: with open('huge.txt','a',encoding='utf-8') as file: if item['user']: if item['user']['name']: file.write('评论用户:'+item['user']['name']+'\n') else: file.write('评论用户:none\n') if item['create_time']: file.write('评论时间:'+item['create_time']+'\n') else: file.write('评论时间:none\n') if item['comment']: file.write('评论内容:'+item['comment']+'\n') else: file.write('评论内容:none\n') if item['rating']: if item['rating']['value']: file.write('对电影的评分:'+str(item['rating']['value'])+'\n\n') else: file.write('对电影的评分:none\n')if __name__ == '__main__': for i in range(0,66891,20): # time.sleep(2) visit_URL(i)

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