如何让PyQt5中QWebEngineView与JavaScript交互

时间：2021-05-22

准备工作

开发环境

  • Python 3.8.1
  • Windows 10

安装依赖

pip install PyQt5pip install PyQtWebEngine

Python端

1.使用QWebChannel的registerObject（"JsBridge名","JsBridge"）方法注册回调

  • JsBridge名：在JavaScript中调用时使用的对象名称
  • JsBridge：被JavaScript调用的Python对象

2.JsBridge 对象

  • 入参
@QtCore.pyqtSlot(str)def log(self, message): print(message)
  • 出参
@QtCore.pyqtSlot(result=str)def getName(self): return "hello"
  • 出入参
@QtCore.pyqtSlot(str, result=str)def test(self, message): print(message) return "ok"

JavaScript端

在Html的<head>中添加

<script src='qrc:///qtwebchannel/qwebchannel.js'></script>

调用

new QWebChannel(qt.webChannelTransport, function(channel) { channel.objects.pythonBridge.test("hello",function(arg) { console.log("Python message: " + arg); alert(arg); }); });

调试(Chrome DevTools)

  • 配置环境变量：QTWEBENGINE_REMOTE_DEBUGGING = port
  • 使用Chromium内核的浏览器打开地址：http://127.0.0.1:port
  • 使用PyCharm中可以在运行配置(Run/Debug Configurations)中的Environment variables中添加环境变量,用;号分隔，然后可以直接运行。

    • Demo

    Python

    1.JsBridge

    from PyQt5 import QtCoreclass JsBridge(QtCore.QObject): @QtCore.pyqtSlot(str, result=str) def test(self, message): print(message) return "ok"

    2.Application

    from PyQt5 import QtCorefrom PyQt5 import QtWebEngineWidgetsfrom PyQt5.QtCore import QDirfrom PyQt5.QtWebChannel import QWebChannelfrom PyQt5.QtWebEngineWidgets import QWebEngineViewfrom PyQt5.QtWidgets import *class TestWindow(QMainWindow): def __init__(self): super().__init__() self.webView = QWebEngineView() self.webView.settings().setAttribute( QtWebEngineWidgets.QWebEngineSettings.JavascriptEnabled, True) channel = QWebChannel(self.webView.page()) self.webView.page().setWebChannel(channel) self.python_bridge = JsBridge(None) channel.registerObject("pythonBridge", self.python_bridge) layout = QVBoxLayout() layout.addWidget(self.webView) widget = QWidget() widget.setLayout(layout) self.setCentralWidget(widget) self.resize(900, 600) self.setWindowTitle('Test') qr = self.frameGeometry() cp = QDesktopWidget().availableGeometry().center() qr.moveCenter(cp) self.move(qr.topLeft()) self.show() html_path = QtCore.QUrl.fromLocalFile(QDir.currentPath() + "/assets/index.html") self.webView.load(html_path)if __name__ == '__main__': app = QApplication(sys.argv) m = TestWindow() sys.exit(app.exec_())

    JavaScript

    index.html

    <!DOCTYPE html><html lang="zh"><head> <meta charset="UTF-8"> <meta name="viewport" content="width=device-width, initial-scale=1, maximum-scale=1, user-scalable=no"> <title>Test</title> <script src='qrc:///qtwebchannel/qwebchannel.js'></script> <script src="https://code.jquery.com/jquery-3.4.1.min.js" integrity="sha256-CSXorXvZcTkaix6Yvo6HppcZGetbYMGWSFlBw8HfCJo=" crossorigin="anonymous"></script></head><body> <button id="test">test</button></body><script> $(document).ready(function() { new QWebChannel(qt.webChannelTransport, function(channel) { $('#test').on('click', function() { channel.objects.pythonBridge.test("hello",function(arg) { console.log("Python message: " + arg); alert(arg); }); }); }); });</script></html>

    本文作者： liaoheng
    本文链接： https://liaoheng.me/2019/12/23/PyQt5-QWebEngineView与JavaScript交互/

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