1、get方式：如何为爬虫添加ip代理，设置Request header（请求头）

import urllib import urllib.requestimport urllib.parseimport randomimport timefrom fake_useragent import UserAgentua = UserAgent()url = "http://"########################################################'''设置ip代理iplist = [ '127.0.0.1:80'] #可自行上网找一些代理proxy_support = urllib.request.ProxyHandler({'http':random.choice(iplist)}) #也可以设置为https，要看你的代理支不支持opener = urllib.request.build_opener(proxy_support)'''########################################################'''无ip代理'''opener = urllib.request.build_opener()'''f12查看请求头添加即可，不一定都需要全添加↓↓↓'''opener.addheaders = [('Host', 'newtab.firefoxchina.cn'), ('User-Agent',ua.random), ('Accept-Encoding','deflate, br'), ('Accept', 'text/html,application/xhtml+xml,application/xml;q=0.9,image/webp,*/*;q=0.8'), ('Accept-Language', 'zh-CN,zh;q=0.8,zh-TW;q=0.7,zh-HK;q=0.5,en-US;q=0.3,en;q=0.2'), ('Connection', 'keep-alive'), ('Upgrade-Insecure-Requests',1), ('Cookie', '__gads=ID=138080209be66bf8:T=1592037395:S=ALNI_Ma-g9wHmfxFL4GCy9veAjJrJRsNmg; Hm_lvt_dd4738b5fb302cb062ef19107df5d2e4=1592449208,1592471447,1592471736,1594001802; uid=rBADnV7m04mi8wRJK3xYAg=='), ]urllib.request.install_opener(opener)while True: try: response = urllib.request.urlopen(url) break except Exception as e: print("错误信息：" + str(e)) time.sleep(3)html = response.read().decode("utf-8")print(html)

2、post方式添加载荷（此处是打比方），修改urllib.request.install_opener(opener)以下的代码即可

urllib.request.install_opener(opener)# data = {} #当页面提交数据是有载荷但是载荷内容为空时，必须以data = {}传参，不然无法获取网页数据data = {'_csrf':'请把', 'collection-name':'载荷的参数', 'description':'以这种形式', '_csrf':'装载' }data = urllib.parse.urlencode(data).encode('utf-8')req = urllib.request.Request(url,data)while True: try: response = urllib.request.urlopen(req) break except Exception as e: print("错误信息：" + str(e)) time.sleep(3)html = response.read().decode("utf-8")

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。