实验环境

1.安装Python 3.7

2.安装requests, bs4，pymysql 模块

实验步骤1.安装环境及模块

可参考

2.编写代码

# 51cto 博客页面数据插入mysql数据库# 导入模块import reimport bs4import pymysqlimport requests# 连接数据库账号密码db = pymysql.connect(host='172.171.13.229', user='root', passwd='abc123', db='test', port=3306, charset='utf8')# 获取游标cursor = db.cursor()def open_url(url): # 连接模拟网页访问 headers = { 'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) ' 'Chrome/57.0.2987.98 Safari/537.36'} res = requests.get(url, headers=headers) return res# 爬取网页内容def find_text(res): soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser') # 博客名 titles = [] targets = soup.find_all("a", class_="tit") for each in targets: each = each.text.strip() if "置顶" in each: each = each.split(' ')[0] titles.append(each) # 阅读量 reads = [] read1 = soup.find_all("p", class_="read fl on") read2 = soup.find_all("p", class_="read fl") for each in read1: reads.append(each.text) for each in read2: reads.append(each.text) # 评论数 comment = [] targets = soup.find_all("p", class_='comment fl') for each in targets: comment.append(each.text) # 收藏 collects = [] targets = soup.find_all("p", class_='collect fl') for each in targets: collects.append(each.text) # 发布时间 dates=[] targets = soup.find_all("a", class_='time fl') for each in targets: each = each.text.split('：')[1] dates.append(each) # 插入sql 语句 sql = """insert into blog (blog_title,read_number,comment_number, collect, dates) values( '%s', '%s', '%s', '%s', '%s');""" # 替换页面 \xa0 for titles, reads, comment, collects, dates in zip(titles, reads, comment, collects, dates): reads = re.sub('\s', '', reads) comment = re.sub('\s', '', comment) collects = re.sub('\s', '', collects) cursor.execute(sql % (titles, reads, comment, collects，dates)) db.commit() pass# 统计总页数def find_depth(res): soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser') depth = soup.find('li', class_='next').previous_sibling.previous_sibling.text return int(depth)# 主函数def main(): host = "https://blog.51cto.com/13760351" res = open_url(host) # 打开首页链接 depth = find_depth(res) # 获取总页数 # 爬取其他页面信息 for i in range(1, depth + 1): url = host + '/p' + str(i) # 完整链接 res = open_url(url) # 打开其他链接 find_text(res) # 爬取数据 # 关闭游标 cursor.close() # 关闭数据库连接 db.close()if __name__ == '__main__': main()

3..MySQL创建对应的表

CREATE TABLE `blog` ( `row_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键', `blog_title` varchar(52) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '博客标题', `read_number` varchar(26) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '阅读数量', `comment_number` varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '评论数量', `collect` varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '收藏数量', `dates` varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '发布日期', PRIMARY KEY (`row_id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

4.运行代码，查看效果:

改进版：

改进内容：

1.数据库里面的某些字段只保留数字即可

2.默认爬取的内容都是字符串，存放数据库的某些字段，最好改为整型，方便后面数据库操作

1.代码如下：

import reimport bs4import pymysqlimport requests# 连接数据库db = pymysql.connect(host='172.171.13.229', user='root', passwd='abc123', db='test', port=3306, charset='utf8')# 获取游标cursor = db.cursor()def open_url(url): # 连接模拟网页访问 headers = { 'user-agent': 'Mozilla/5.0 (Windows NT 10.0; WOW64) AppleWebKit/537.36 (KHTML, like Gecko) ' 'Chrome/57.0.2987.98 Safari/537.36'} res = requests.get(url, headers=headers) return res# 爬取网页内容def find_text(res): soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser') # 博客标题 titles = [] targets = soup.find_all("a", class_="tit") for each in targets: each = each.text.strip() if "置顶" in each: each = each.split(' ')[0] titles.append(each) # 阅读量 reads = [] read1 = soup.find_all("p", class_="read fl on") read2 = soup.find_all("p", class_="read fl") for each in read1: reads.append(each.text) for each in read2: reads.append(each.text) # 评论数 comment = [] targets = soup.find_all("p", class_='comment fl') for each in targets: comment.append(each.text) # 收藏 collects = [] targets = soup.find_all("p", class_='collect fl') for each in targets: collects.append(each.text) # 发布时间 dates=[] targets = soup.find_all("a", class_='time fl') for each in targets: each = each.text.split('：')[1] dates.append(each) # 插入sql 语句 sql = """insert into blogs (blog_title,read_number,comment_number, collect, dates) values( '%s', '%s', '%s', '%s', '%s');""" # 替换页面 \xa0 for titles, reads, comment, collects, dates in zip(titles, reads, comment, collects, dates): reads = re.sub('\s', '', reads) reads=int(re.sub('\D', "", reads)) #匹配数字，转换为整型 comment = re.sub('\s', '', comment) comment = int(re.sub('\D', "", comment)) #匹配数字，转换为整型 collects = re.sub('\s', '', collects) collects = int(re.sub('\D', "", collects)) #匹配数字，转换为整型 dates = re.sub('\s', '', dates) cursor.execute(sql % (titles, reads, comment, collects,dates)) db.commit() pass# 统计总页数def find_depth(res): soup = bs4.BeautifulSoup(res.text, 'html.parser') depth = soup.find('li', class_='next').previous_sibling.previous_sibling.text return int(depth)# 主函数def main(): host = "https://blog.51cto.com/13760351" res = open_url(host) # 打开首页链接 depth = find_depth(res) # 获取总页数 # 爬取其他页面信息 for i in range(1, depth + 1): url = host + '/p' + str(i) # 完整链接 res = open_url(url) # 打开其他链接 find_text(res) # 爬取数据 # 关闭游标 cursor.close() # 关闭数据库连接 db.close()#主程序入口if __name__ == '__main__': main()

2.创建对应表

CREATE TABLE `blogs` ( `row_id` int(11) NOT NULL AUTO_INCREMENT COMMENT '主键', `blog_title` varchar(52) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '博客标题', `read_number` int(26) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '阅读数量', `comment_number` int(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '评论数量', `collect` int(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '收藏数量', `dates` varchar(16) DEFAULT NULL COMMENT '发布日期', PRIMARY KEY (`row_id`)) ENGINE=InnoDB AUTO_INCREMENT=1 DEFAULT CHARSET=utf8;

3.运行代码，验证

升级版

为了能让小白就可以使用这个程序，可以把这个项目打包成exe格式的文件，让其他人，使用电脑就可以运行代码，这样非常方便！

1.改进代码：

#末尾修改为：if __name__ == '__main__': main() print("\n\t\t所有数据已成功存放数据库！!! \n") time.sleep(5)

2.安装打包模块pyinstaller(cmd安装）

pip install pyinstaller -i https://pypi.tuna.tsinghua.edu.cn/simple/

3.Python代码打包

1.切换到需要打包代码的路径下面

2.在cmd窗口运行 pyinstaller -F test03.py （test03为项目名称）

4.查看exe包

在打包后会出现dist目录，打好包就在这个目录里面

5.运行exe包，查看效果

检查数据库

总结：

1.这一篇博客，是在上一篇的基础上改进的，步骤是先爬取首页的信息，再爬取其他页面信息，最后在改进细节，打包exe文件

2.我们爬取网页数据大多数还是存放到数据库的，所以这种方法很实用。

3.其实在此博客的基础上还是可以改进的，重要的是掌握方法即可。

以上就是本文的全部内容，希望对大家的学习有所帮助，也希望大家多多支持。