练手项目，先上图

先实现一个简单的串口工具，为之后的上位机做准备

代码如下：

github 下载地址

pyserial_demo.py

import sysimport serialimport serial.tools.list_portsfrom PyQt5 import QtWidgetsfrom PyQt5.QtWidgets import QMessageBoxfrom PyQt5.QtCore import QTimerfrom ui_demo_1 import Ui_Formclass Pyqt5_Serial(QtWidgets.QWidget, Ui_Form): def __init__(self): super(Pyqt5_Serial, self).__init__() self.setupUi(self) self.init() self.setWindowTitle("串口小助手") self.ser = serial.Serial() self.port_check() # 接收数据和发送数据数目置零 self.data_num_received = 0 self.lineEdit.setText(str(self.data_num_received)) self.data_num_sended = 0 self.lineEdit_2.setText(str(self.data_num_sended)) def init(self): # 串口检测按钮 self.s1__box_1.clicked.connect(self.port_check) # 串口信息显示 self.s1__box_2.currentTextChanged.connect(self.port_imf) # 打开串口按钮 self.open_button.clicked.connect(self.port_open) # 关闭串口按钮 self.close_button.clicked.connect(self.port_close) # 发送数据按钮 self.s3__send_button.clicked.connect(self.data_send) # 定时发送数据 self.timer_send = QTimer() self.timer_send.timeout.connect(self.data_send) self.timer_send_cb.stateChanged.connect(self.data_send_timer) # 定时器接收数据 self.timer = QTimer(self) self.timer.timeout.connect(self.data_receive) # 清除发送窗口 self.s3__clear_button.clicked.connect(self.send_data_clear) # 清除接收窗口 self.s2__clear_button.clicked.connect(self.receive_data_clear) # 串口检测 def port_check(self): # 检测所有存在的串口，将信息存储在字典中 self.Com_Dict = {} port_list = list(serial.tools.list_ports.comports()) self.s1__box_2.clear() for port in port_list: self.Com_Dict["%s" % port[0]] = "%s" % port[1] self.s1__box_2.addItem(port[0]) if len(self.Com_Dict) == 0: self.state_label.setText(" 无串口") # 串口信息 def port_imf(self): # 显示选定的串口的详细信息 imf_s = self.s1__box_2.currentText() if imf_s != "": self.state_label.setText(self.Com_Dict[self.s1__box_2.currentText()]) # 打开串口 def port_open(self): self.ser.port = self.s1__box_2.currentText() self.ser.baudrate = int(self.s1__box_3.currentText()) self.ser.bytesize = int(self.s1__box_4.currentText()) self.ser.stopbits = int(self.s1__box_6.currentText()) self.ser.parity = self.s1__box_5.currentText() try: self.ser.open() except: QMessageBox.critical(self, "Port Error", "此串口不能被打开！") return None # 打开串口接收定时器，周期为2ms self.timer.start(2) if self.ser.isOpen(): self.open_button.setEnabled(False) self.close_button.setEnabled(True) self.formGroupBox1.setTitle("串口状态（已开启）") # 关闭串口 def port_close(self): self.timer.stop() self.timer_send.stop() try: self.ser.close() except: pass self.open_button.setEnabled(True) self.close_button.setEnabled(False) self.lineEdit_3.setEnabled(True) # 接收数据和发送数据数目置零 self.data_num_received = 0 self.lineEdit.setText(str(self.data_num_received)) self.data_num_sended = 0 self.lineEdit_2.setText(str(self.data_num_sended)) self.formGroupBox1.setTitle("串口状态（已关闭）") # 发送数据 def data_send(self): if self.ser.isOpen(): input_s = self.s3__send_text.toPlainText() if input_s != "": # 非空字符串 if self.hex_send.isChecked(): # hex发送 input_s = input_s.strip() send_list = [] while input_s != '': try: num = int(input_s[0:2], 16) except ValueError: QMessageBox.critical(self, 'wrong data', '请输入十六进制数据，以空格分开!') return None input_s = input_s[2:].strip() send_list.append(num) input_s = bytes(send_list) else: # ascii发送 input_s = (input_s + '\r\n').encode('utf-8') num = self.ser.write(input_s) self.data_num_sended += num self.lineEdit_2.setText(str(self.data_num_sended)) else: pass # 接收数据 def data_receive(self): try: num = self.ser.inWaiting() except: self.port_close() return None if num > 0: data = self.ser.read(num) num = len(data) # hex显示 if self.hex_receive.checkState(): out_s = '' for i in range(0, len(data)): out_s = out_s + '{:02X}'.format(data[i]) + ' ' self.s2__receive_text.insertPlainText(out_s) else: # 串口接收到的字符串为b'123',要转化成unicode字符串才能输出到窗口中去 self.s2__receive_text.insertPlainText(data.decode('iso-8859-1')) # 统计接收字符的数量 self.data_num_received += num self.lineEdit.setText(str(self.data_num_received)) # 获取到text光标 textCursor = self.s2__receive_text.textCursor() # 滚动到底部 textCursor.movePosition(textCursor.End) # 设置光标到text中去 self.s2__receive_text.setTextCursor(textCursor) else: pass # 定时发送数据 def data_send_timer(self): if self.timer_send_cb.isChecked(): self.timer_send.start(int(self.lineEdit_3.text())) self.lineEdit_3.setEnabled(False) else: self.timer_send.stop() self.lineEdit_3.setEnabled(True) # 清除显示 def send_data_clear(self): self.s3__send_text.setText("") def receive_data_clear(self): self.s2__receive_text.setText("")if __name__ == '__main__': app = QtWidgets.QApplication(sys.argv) myshow = Pyqt5_Serial() myshow.show() sys.exit(app.exec_())

ui_demo_1.py

# -*- coding: utf-8 -*-# Form implementation generated from reading ui file 'demo_1.ui'## Created by: PyQt5 UI code generator 5.6## WARNING! All changes made in this file will be lost!from PyQt5 import QtCore, QtGui, QtWidgetsclass Ui_Form(object): def setupUi(self, Form): Form.setObjectName("Form") Form.resize(707, 458) self.formGroupBox = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(Form) self.formGroupBox.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 20, 167, 301)) self.formGroupBox.setObjectName("formGroupBox") self.formLayout = QtWidgets.QFormLayout(self.formGroupBox) self.formLayout.setContentsMargins(10, 10, 10, 10) self.formLayout.setSpacing(10) self.formLayout.setObjectName("formLayout") self.s1__lb_1 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.formGroupBox) self.s1__lb_1.setObjectName("s1__lb_1") self.formLayout.setWidget(0, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.LabelRole, self.s1__lb_1) self.s1__box_1 = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.formGroupBox) self.s1__box_1.setAutoRepeatInterval(100) self.s1__box_1.setDefault(True) self.s1__box_1.setObjectName("s1__box_1") self.formLayout.setWidget(0, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.FieldRole, self.s1__box_1) self.s1__lb_2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.formGroupBox) self.s1__lb_2.setObjectName("s1__lb_2") self.formLayout.setWidget(1, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.LabelRole, self.s1__lb_2) self.s1__box_2 = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.formGroupBox) self.s1__box_2.setObjectName("s1__box_2") self.formLayout.setWidget(1, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.FieldRole, self.s1__box_2) self.s1__lb_3 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.formGroupBox) self.s1__lb_3.setObjectName("s1__lb_3") self.formLayout.setWidget(3, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.LabelRole, self.s1__lb_3) self.s1__box_3 = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.formGroupBox) self.s1__box_3.setObjectName("s1__box_3") self.s1__box_3.addItem("") self.s1__box_3.addItem("") self.s1__box_3.addItem("") self.s1__box_3.addItem("") self.s1__box_3.addItem("") self.s1__box_3.addItem("") self.s1__box_3.addItem("") self.s1__box_3.addItem("") self.s1__box_3.addItem("") self.s1__box_3.addItem("") self.s1__box_3.addItem("") self.s1__box_3.addItem("") self.formLayout.setWidget(3, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.FieldRole, self.s1__box_3) self.s1__lb_4 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.formGroupBox) self.s1__lb_4.setObjectName("s1__lb_4") self.formLayout.setWidget(4, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.LabelRole, self.s1__lb_4) self.s1__box_4 = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.formGroupBox) self.s1__box_4.setObjectName("s1__box_4") self.s1__box_4.addItem("") self.s1__box_4.addItem("") self.s1__box_4.addItem("") self.s1__box_4.addItem("") self.formLayout.setWidget(4, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.FieldRole, self.s1__box_4) self.s1__lb_5 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.formGroupBox) self.s1__lb_5.setObjectName("s1__lb_5") self.formLayout.setWidget(5, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.LabelRole, self.s1__lb_5) self.s1__box_5 = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.formGroupBox) self.s1__box_5.setObjectName("s1__box_5") self.s1__box_5.addItem("") self.formLayout.setWidget(5, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.FieldRole, self.s1__box_5) self.open_button = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.formGroupBox) self.open_button.setObjectName("open_button") self.formLayout.setWidget(7, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.SpanningRole, self.open_button) self.close_button = QtWidgets.QPushButton(self.formGroupBox) self.close_button.setObjectName("close_button") self.formLayout.setWidget(8, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.SpanningRole, self.close_button) self.s1__lb_6 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.formGroupBox) self.s1__lb_6.setObjectName("s1__lb_6") self.formLayout.setWidget(6, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.LabelRole, self.s1__lb_6) self.s1__box_6 = QtWidgets.QComboBox(self.formGroupBox) self.s1__box_6.setObjectName("s1__box_6") self.s1__box_6.addItem("") self.formLayout.setWidget(6, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.FieldRole, self.s1__box_6) self.state_label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.formGroupBox) self.state_label.setText("") self.state_label.setTextFormat(QtCore.Qt.AutoText) self.state_label.setScaledContents(True) self.state_label.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignRight|QtCore.Qt.AlignTrailing|QtCore.Qt.AlignVCenter) self.state_label.setObjectName("state_label") self.formLayout.setWidget(2, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.SpanningRole, self.state_label) self.verticalGroupBox = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(Form) self.verticalGroupBox.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(210, 20, 401, 241)) self.verticalGroupBox.setObjectName("verticalGroupBox") self.verticalLayout = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.verticalGroupBox) self.verticalLayout.setContentsMargins(10, 10, 10, 10) self.verticalLayout.setObjectName("verticalLayout") self.s2__receive_text = QtWidgets.QTextBrowser(self.verticalGroupBox) self.s2__receive_text.setObjectName("s2__receive_text") self.verticalLayout.addWidget(self.s2__receive_text) self.verticalGroupBox_2 = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(Form) self.verticalGroupBox_2.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(210, 280, 401, 101)) self.verticalGroupBox_2.setObjectName("verticalGroupBox_2") self.verticalLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QVBoxLayout(self.verticalGroupBox_2) self.verticalLayout_2.setContentsMargins(10, 10, 10, 10) self.verticalLayout_2.setObjectName("verticalLayout_2") self.s3__send_text = QtWidgets.QTextEdit(self.verticalGroupBox_2) self.s3__send_text.setObjectName("s3__send_text") self.verticalLayout_2.addWidget(self.s3__send_text) self.s3__send_button = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Form) self.s3__send_button.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(620, 310, 61, 31)) self.s3__send_button.setObjectName("s3__send_button") self.s3__clear_button = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Form) self.s3__clear_button.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(620, 350, 61, 31)) self.s3__clear_button.setObjectName("s3__clear_button") self.formGroupBox1 = QtWidgets.QGroupBox(Form) self.formGroupBox1.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(20, 340, 171, 101)) self.formGroupBox1.setObjectName("formGroupBox1") self.formLayout_2 = QtWidgets.QFormLayout(self.formGroupBox1) self.formLayout_2.setContentsMargins(10, 10, 10, 10) self.formLayout_2.setSpacing(10) self.formLayout_2.setObjectName("formLayout_2") self.label = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.formGroupBox1) self.label.setObjectName("label") self.formLayout_2.setWidget(0, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.LabelRole, self.label) self.label_2 = QtWidgets.QLabel(self.formGroupBox1) self.label_2.setObjectName("label_2") self.formLayout_2.setWidget(1, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.LabelRole, self.label_2) self.lineEdit = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.formGroupBox1) self.lineEdit.setObjectName("lineEdit") self.formLayout_2.setWidget(0, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.FieldRole, self.lineEdit) self.lineEdit_2 = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(self.formGroupBox1) self.lineEdit_2.setObjectName("lineEdit_2") self.formLayout_2.setWidget(1, QtWidgets.QFormLayout.FieldRole, self.lineEdit_2) self.hex_send = QtWidgets.QCheckBox(Form) self.hex_send.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(620, 280, 71, 16)) self.hex_send.setObjectName("hex_send") self.hex_receive = QtWidgets.QCheckBox(Form) self.hex_receive.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(620, 40, 71, 16)) self.hex_receive.setObjectName("hex_receive") self.s2__clear_button = QtWidgets.QPushButton(Form) self.s2__clear_button.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(620, 80, 61, 31)) self.s2__clear_button.setObjectName("s2__clear_button") self.timer_send_cb = QtWidgets.QCheckBox(Form) self.timer_send_cb.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(260, 390, 71, 16)) self.timer_send_cb.setObjectName("timer_send_cb") self.lineEdit_3 = QtWidgets.QLineEdit(Form) self.lineEdit_3.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(350, 390, 61, 20)) self.lineEdit_3.setAlignment(QtCore.Qt.AlignRight|QtCore.Qt.AlignTrailing|QtCore.Qt.AlignVCenter) self.lineEdit_3.setObjectName("lineEdit_3") self.dw = QtWidgets.QLabel(Form) self.dw.setGeometry(QtCore.QRect(420, 390, 54, 20)) self.dw.setObjectName("dw") self.verticalGroupBox.raise_() self.verticalGroupBox_2.raise_() self.formGroupBox.raise_() self.s3__send_button.raise_() self.s3__clear_button.raise_() self.formGroupBox.raise_() self.hex_send.raise_() self.hex_receive.raise_() self.s2__clear_button.raise_() self.timer_send_cb.raise_() self.lineEdit_3.raise_() self.dw.raise_() self.retranslateUi(Form) QtCore.QMetaObject.connectSlotsByName(Form) def retranslateUi(self, Form): _translate = QtCore.QCoreApplication.translate Form.setWindowTitle(_translate("Form", "Form")) self.formGroupBox.setTitle(_translate("Form", "串口设置")) self.s1__lb_1.setText(_translate("Form", "串口检测：")) self.s1__box_1.setText(_translate("Form", "检测串口")) self.s1__lb_2.setText(_translate("Form", "串口选择：")) self.s1__lb_3.setText(_translate("Form", "波特率：")) self.s1__box_3.setItemText(0, _translate("Form", "115200")) self.s1__box_3.setItemText(1, _translate("Form", "2400")) self.s1__box_3.setItemText(2, _translate("Form", "4800")) self.s1__box_3.setItemText(3, _translate("Form", "9600")) self.s1__box_3.setItemText(4, _translate("Form", "14400")) self.s1__box_3.setItemText(5, _translate("Form", "19200")) self.s1__box_3.setItemText(6, _translate("Form", "38400")) self.s1__box_3.setItemText(7, _translate("Form", "57600")) self.s1__box_3.setItemText(8, _translate("Form", "76800")) self.s1__box_3.setItemText(9, _translate("Form", "12800")) self.s1__box_3.setItemText(10, _translate("Form", "230400")) self.s1__box_3.setItemText(11, _translate("Form", "460800")) self.s1__lb_4.setText(_translate("Form", "数据位：")) self.s1__box_4.setItemText(0, _translate("Form", "8")) self.s1__box_4.setItemText(1, _translate("Form", "7")) self.s1__box_4.setItemText(2, _translate("Form", "6")) self.s1__box_4.setItemText(3, _translate("Form", "5")) self.s1__lb_5.setText(_translate("Form", "校验位：")) self.s1__box_5.setItemText(0, _translate("Form", "N")) self.open_button.setText(_translate("Form", "打开串口")) self.close_button.setText(_translate("Form", "关闭串口")) self.s1__lb_6.setText(_translate("Form", "停止位：")) self.s1__box_6.setItemText(0, _translate("Form", "1")) self.verticalGroupBox.setTitle(_translate("Form", "接受区")) self.verticalGroupBox_2.setTitle(_translate("Form", "发送区")) self.s3__send_text.setHtml(_translate("Form", "<!DOCTYPE HTML PUBLIC \"-//W3C//DTD HTML 4.0//EN\" \"http://www.w3.org/TR/REC-html40/strict.dtd\">\n""<html><head><meta name=\"qrichtext\" content=\"1\" /><style type=\"text/css\">\n""p, li { white-space: pre-wrap; }\n""</style></head><body style=\" font-family:\'SimSun\'; font-size:9pt; font-weight:400; font-style:normal;\">\n""<p style=\" margin-top:0px; margin-bottom:0px; margin-left:0px; margin-right:0px; -qt-block-indent:0; text-indent:0px;\">123456</p></body></html>")) self.s3__send_button.setText(_translate("Form", "发送")) self.s3__clear_button.setText(_translate("Form", "清除")) self.formGroupBox1.setTitle(_translate("Form", "串口状态")) self.label.setText(_translate("Form", "已接收：")) self.label_2.setText(_translate("Form", "已发送：")) self.hex_send.setText(_translate("Form", "Hex发送")) self.hex_receive.setText(_translate("Form", "Hex接收")) self.s2__clear_button.setText(_translate("Form", "清除")) self.timer_send_cb.setText(_translate("Form", "定时发送")) self.lineEdit_3.setText(_translate("Form", "1000")) self.dw.setText(_translate("Form", "ms/次"))

以上这篇使用Python3+PyQT5+Pyserial 实现简单的串口工具方法就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持。