第一种分页PageNumberPagination

基本使用

（1）urls.py

urlpatterns = [ re_path('(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/page1/', Pager1View.as_view(),) #分页1]

（2）api/utils/serializers/pager.py

# api/utils/serializsers/pager.pyfrom rest_framework import serializersfrom api import modelsclass PagerSerialiser(serializers.ModelSerializer): class Meta: model = models.Role fields = "__all__"

（3）views.py

from api.utils.serializsers.pager import PagerSerialiserfrom rest_framework.response import Responsefrom rest_framework.pagination import PageNumberPaginationclass Pager1View(APIView): def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs): #获取所有数据 roles = models.Role.objects.all() #创建分页对象 pg = PageNumberPagination() #获取分页的数据 page_roles = pg.paginate_queryset(queryset=roles,request=request,view=self) #对数据进行序列化 ser = PagerSerialiser(instance=page_roles,many=True) return Response(ser.data)

（4）settings配置

REST_FRAMEWORK = { #分页 "PAGE_SIZE":2 #每页显示多少个}

自定义分页类

#自定义分页类class MyPageNumberPagination(PageNumberPagination): #每页显示多少个 page_size = 3 #默认每页显示3个，可以通过传入pager1/?page=2&size=4,改变默认每页显示的个数 page_size_query_param = "size" #最大页数不超过10 max_page_size = 10 #获取页码数的 page_query_param = "page"class Pager1View(APIView): def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs): #获取所有数据 roles = models.Role.objects.all() #创建分页对象，这里是自定义的MyPageNumberPagination pg = MyPageNumberPagination() #获取分页的数据 page_roles = pg.paginate_queryset(queryset=roles,request=request,view=self) #对数据进行序列化 ser = PagerSerialiser(instance=page_roles,many=True) return Response(ser.data)

第二种分页 LimitOffsetPagination

自定义

#自定义分页类2class MyLimitOffsetPagination(LimitOffsetPagination): #默认显示的个数 default_limit = 2 #当前的位置 offset_query_param = "offset" #通过limit改变默认显示的个数 limit_query_param = "limit" #一页最多显示的个数 max_limit = 10class Pager1View(APIView): def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs): #获取所有数据 roles = models.Role.objects.all() #创建分页对象 pg = MyLimitOffsetPagination() #获取分页的数据 page_roles = pg.paginate_queryset(queryset=roles,request=request,view=self) #对数据进行序列化 ser = PagerSerialiser(instance=page_roles,many=True) return Response(ser.data)

返回的时候可以用get_paginated_response方法

自带上一页下一页

第三种分页CursorPagination

加密分页方式，只能通过点“上一页”和下一页访问数据

#自定义分页类3 (加密分页)class MyCursorPagination(CursorPagination): cursor_query_param = "cursor" page_size = 2 #每页显示2个数据 ordering = 'id' #排序 page_size_query_param = None max_page_size = Noneclass Pager1View(APIView): def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs): #获取所有数据 roles = models.Role.objects.all() #创建分页对象 pg = MyCursorPagination() #获取分页的数据 page_roles = pg.paginate_queryset(queryset=roles,request=request,view=self) #对数据进行序列化 ser = PagerSerialiser(instance=page_roles,many=True) # return Response(ser.data) return pg.get_paginated_response(ser.data)

代码

版本、解析器、序列化和分页

# MyProject2/urls.pyfrom django.contrib import adminfrom django.urls import path,includeurlpatterns = [ #path('admin/', admin.site.urls), path('api/',include('api.urls') ),]# api/urls.pyfrom django.urls import path,re_pathfrom .views import UserView,PaserView,RolesView,UserInfoView,GroupView,UserGroupViewfrom .views import Pager1Viewurlpatterns = [ re_path('(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/users/', UserView.as_view(),name = 'api_user'), #版本 path('paser/', PaserView.as_view(),), #解析 re_path('(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/roles/', RolesView.as_view()), #序列化 re_path('(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/info/', UserInfoView.as_view()), #序列化 re_path('(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/group/(?P<pk>\d+)/', GroupView.as_view(),name = 'gp'), #序列化生成url re_path('(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/usergroup/', UserGroupView.as_view(),), #序列化做验证 re_path('(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/pager1/', Pager1View.as_view(),) #分页1]# api/models.pyfrom django.db import modelsclass UserInfo(models.Model): USER_TYPE = ( (1,'普通用户'), (2,'VIP'), (3,'SVIP') ) user_type = models.IntegerField(choices=USER_TYPE) username = models.CharField(max_length=32,unique=True) password = models.CharField(max_length=64) group = models.ForeignKey('UserGroup',on_delete=models.CASCADE) roles = models.ManyToManyField('Role')class UserToken(models.Model): user = models.OneToOneField('UserInfo',on_delete=models.CASCADE) token = models.CharField(max_length=64)class UserGroup(models.Model): title = models.CharField(max_length=32)class Role(models.Model): title = models.CharField(max_length=32)# api/views.pyimport jsonfrom django.shortcuts import render,HttpResponsefrom rest_framework.views import APIViewfrom rest_framework.request import Requestfrom rest_framework.versioning import URLPathVersioningfrom . import models##########################################版本和解析器#####################################################class UserView(APIView): def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs): #获取版本 print(request.version) #获取处理版本的对象 print(request.versioning_scheme) #获取浏览器访问的url，reverse反向解析 #需要两个参数：viewname就是url中的别名，request=request是url中要传入的参数 #(?P<version>[v1|v2]+)/users/，这里本来需要传version的参数，但是version包含在request里面，所有只需要request=request就可以 url_path = request.versioning_scheme.reverse(viewname='api_user',request=request) print(url_path) self.dispatch return HttpResponse('用户列表')# from rest_framework.parsers import JSONParser,FormParserclass PaserView(APIView): '''解析''' # parser_classes = [JSONParser,FormParser,] #JSONParser：表示只能解析content-type:application/json的头 #FormParser:表示只能解析content-type:application/x-www-form-urlencoded的头 def post(self,request,*args,**kwargs): #获取解析后的结果 print(request.data) return HttpResponse('paser')###########################################序列化###########################################################from rest_framework import serializers#要先写一个序列化的类class RolesSerializer(serializers.Serializer): #Role表里面的字段id和title序列化 id = serializers.IntegerField() title = serializers.CharField()class RolesView(APIView): def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs): # 方式一：对于[obj,obj,obj] # （Queryset） # roles = models.Role.objects.all() # 序列化，两个参数，instance:Queryset 如果有多个值，就需要加 mangy=True # ser = RolesSerializer(instance=roles,many=True) # 转成json格式，ensure_ascii=False表示显示中文，默认为True # ret = json.dumps(ser.data,ensure_ascii=False) # 方式二： role = models.Role.objects.all().first() ser = RolesSerializer(instance=role, many=False) ret = json.dumps(ser.data, ensure_ascii=False) return HttpResponse(ret)# class UserInfoSerializer(serializers.Serializer):# '''序列化用户的信息'''# #user_type是choices（1,2,3），显示全称的方法用source# type = serializers.CharField(source="get_user_type_display")# username = serializers.CharField()# password = serializers.CharField()# #group.title：组的名字# group = serializers.CharField(source="group.title")# #SerializerMethodField(),表示自定义显示# #然后写一个自定义的方法# rls = serializers.SerializerMethodField()## def get_rls(self,row):# #获取用户所有的角色# role_obj_list = row.roles.all()# ret = []# #获取角色的id和名字# #以字典的键值对方式显示# for item in role_obj_list:# ret.append({"id":item.id,"title":item.title})# return ret# class UserInfoSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):# type = serializers.CharField(source="get_user_type_display")# group = serializers.CharField(source="group.title")# rls = serializers.SerializerMethodField()## def get_rls(self, row):# # 获取用户所有的角色# role_obj_list = row.roles.all()# ret = []# # 获取角色的id和名字# # 以字典的键值对方式显示# for item in role_obj_list:# ret.append({"id": item.id, "title": item.title})# return ret## class Meta:# model = models.UserInfo# fields = ['id','username','password','type','group','rls']# class UserInfoSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer):# class Meta:# model = models.UserInfo# #fields = "__all__"# fields = ['id','username','password','group','roles']# #表示连表的深度# depth = 1class UserInfoSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): group = serializers.HyperlinkedIdentityField(view_name='gp',lookup_field='group_id',lookup_url_kwarg='pk') class Meta: model = models.UserInfo #fields = "__all__" fields = ['id','username','password','group','roles'] #表示连表的深度 depth = 0class UserInfoView(APIView): '''用户的信息''' def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs): users = models.UserInfo.objects.all() #这里必须要传参数context={'request':request} ser = UserInfoSerializer(instance=users,many=True,context={'request':request}) ret = json.dumps(ser.data,ensure_ascii=False) return HttpResponse(ret)class GroupSerializer(serializers.ModelSerializer): class Meta: model = models.UserGroup fields = "__all__"class GroupView(APIView): def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs): pk = kwargs.get('pk') obj = models.UserGroup.objects.filter(pk=pk).first() ser = GroupSerializer(instance=obj,many=False) ret = json.dumps(ser.data,ensure_ascii=False) return HttpResponse(ret)####################################序列化之用户请求数据验证验证#####################################自定义验证规则class GroupValidation(object): def __init__(self,base): self.base = base def __call__(self, value): if not value.startswith(self.base): message = "标题必须以%s为开头"%self.base raise serializers.ValidationError(message)class UserGroupSerializer(serializers.Serializer): title = serializers.CharField(validators=[GroupValidation('以我开头'),])class UserGroupView(APIView): def post(self,request,*args, **kwargs): ser = UserGroupSerializer(data=request.data) if ser.is_valid(): print(ser.validated_data['title']) else: print(ser.errors) return HttpResponse("用户提交数据验证")##################################################分页###################################################from api.utils.serializsers.pager import PagerSerialiserfrom rest_framework.response import Responsefrom rest_framework.pagination import PageNumberPagination,LimitOffsetPagination,CursorPagination# #自定义分页类1# class MyPageNumberPagination(PageNumberPagination):# #每页显示多少个# page_size = 3# #默认每页显示3个，可以通过传入pager1/?page=2&size=4,改变默认每页显示的个数# page_size_query_param = "size"# #最大页数不超过10# max_page_size = 10# #获取页码数的# page_query_param = "page"#自定义分页类2class MyLimitOffsetPagination(LimitOffsetPagination): #默认显示的个数 default_limit = 2 #当前的位置 offset_query_param = "offset" #通过limit改变默认显示的个数 limit_query_param = "limit" #一页最多显示的个数 max_limit = 10#自定义分页类3 (加密分页)class MyCursorPagination(CursorPagination): cursor_query_param = "cursor" page_size = 2 #每页显示2个数据 ordering = 'id' #排序 page_size_query_param = None max_page_size = Noneclass Pager1View(APIView): def get(self,request,*args,**kwargs): #获取所有数据 roles = models.Role.objects.all() #创建分页对象 pg = MyCursorPagination() #获取分页的数据 page_roles = pg.paginate_queryset(queryset=roles,request=request,view=self) #对数据进行序列化 ser = PagerSerialiser(instance=page_roles,many=True) return Response(ser.data) # return pg.get_paginated_response(ser.data)# api/utils/serializsers/pager.pyfrom rest_framework import serializersfrom api import modelsclass PagerSerialiser(serializers.ModelSerializer): class Meta: model = models.Role fields = "__all__"

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