grid()函数概述

grid()函数用于设置绘图区网格线。
grid()的函数签名为matplotlib.pyplot.grid(b=None, which='major', axis='both', **kwargs)。
grid()的参数如下：

• b：是否显示网格线。布尔值或None，可选参数。如果没有关键字参数，则b为True，如果b为None且没有关键字参数，相当于切换网格线的可见性。
• which：网格线显示的尺度。字符串，可选参数，取值范围为{'major', 'minor', 'both'}，默认为'both'。'major'为主刻度、'minor'为次刻度。
• axis：选择网格线显示的轴。字符串，可选参数，取值范围为{'both', 'x', 'y'}，默认为'both'`。
• **kwargs：Line2D线条对象属性。

grid()的返回值为None。

grid()函数演示

import matplotlib.pyplot as pltplt.subplot(341)# grid()默认样式plt.plot([1, 1])plt.grid()plt.annotate('grid()', (0, 1))plt.subplot(342)# 因为默认没有网格线，所以grid(None)显示网格线plt.plot([1, 1])plt.grid(None)plt.annotate('grid(None)', (0, 1))plt.subplot(343)# 因为设置了网格线，所以grid(None)切换为不显示网格线plt.plot([1, 1])plt.grid(True)plt.grid(None)plt.annotate('grid(None)', (0, 1))plt.subplot(344)# 因为默认没有网格线plt.plot([1, 1])plt.annotate("default", (0, 1))plt.subplot(345)# 只显示主刻度网格线plt.plot([1, 1])plt.grid(which='major')plt.annotate("which='major'", (0, 1))plt.subplot(346)# 只显示次刻度网格线，因为没有次刻度，所以无网格线plt.plot([1, 1])plt.grid(which='minor')plt.annotate("which='minor'", (0, 1))plt.subplot(347)# 同时显示主刻度、次刻度网格线plt.plot([1, 1])plt.grid(which='both')plt.annotate("which='both'", (0, 1))plt.subplot(348)plt.plot([1, 1])# 默认同时显示主刻度、次刻度网格线plt.grid()plt.annotate("default", (0, 1))plt.subplot(349)# 只显示x轴网格线plt.plot([1, 1])plt.grid(axis='x')plt.annotate("axis='x'", (0, 1))plt.subplot(3,4,10)# 只显示y轴网格线plt.plot([1, 1])plt.grid(axis='y')plt.annotate("axis='y'", (0, 1))plt.subplot(3,4,11)# 同时显示xy轴网格线plt.plot([1, 1])plt.grid(axis='both')plt.annotate("axis='both'", (0, 1))plt.subplot(3,4,12)# 默认显示xy轴网格线plt.plot([1, 1])plt.grid()plt.annotate("default", (0, 1))plt.show()

原理

pyplot.grid()其实调用的是gca().grid()，即Aexs.grid()。

底层相关函数有：
Axis.grid()

Axes.grid()源码（matplotlib/Axes/_base.py）

def grid(self, b=None, which='major', axis='both', **kwargs): cbook._check_in_list(['x', 'y', 'both'], axis=axis) if axis in ['x', 'both']: self.xaxis.grid(b, which=which, **kwargs) if axis in ['y', 'both']: self.yaxis.grid(b, which=which, **kwargs)

xaxis 为XAxis类的实例，yaxis为YAxis类的实例，XAxis和YAxis类的基类为Axis。

Axis.grid()源码（matplotlib/axis.py）

def grid(self, b=None, which='major', **kwargs): if b is not None: if 'visible' in kwargs and bool(b) != bool(kwargs['visible']): raise ValueError( "'b' and 'visible' specify inconsistent grid visibilities") if kwargs and not b: # something false-like but not None cbook._warn_external('First parameter to grid() is false, ' 'but line properties are supplied. The ' 'grid will be enabled.') b = True which = which.lower() cbook._check_in_list(['major', 'minor', 'both'], which=which) gridkw = {'grid_' + item[0]: item[1] for item in kwargs.items()} if 'grid_visible' in gridkw: forced_visibility = True gridkw['gridOn'] = gridkw.pop('grid_visible') else: forced_visibility = False if which in ['minor', 'both']: if b is None and not forced_visibility: gridkw['gridOn'] = not self._minor_tick_kw['gridOn'] elif b is not None: gridkw['gridOn'] = b self.set_tick_params(which='minor', **gridkw) if which in ['major', 'both']: if b is None and not forced_visibility: gridkw['gridOn'] = not self._major_tick_kw['gridOn'] elif b is not None: gridkw['gridOn'] = b self.set_tick_params(which='major', **gridkw) self.stale = True

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