PostgreSQL存储过程用法实战详解

时间:2021-05-24

本文实例讲述了postgreSQL存储过程用法。分享给大家供大家参考,具体如下:

转了N多的SQL语句,可是自己用时,却到处是坑啊,啊,啊!!!!!!!!!!!!!!!

想写一个获取表中最新ID值.

上代码

CREATE TABLE department( ID INT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, d_code VARCHAR(50), d_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, d_parentID INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0);--insert into department values(1,'001','office');--insert into department values(2,'002','office',1);

下面要写个存储过程,以获取表中ID的最大值:

drop function f_getNewID(text,text);create or replace function f_getNewID(myTableName text,myFeildName text) returns integer as $$declare mysql text; myID integer;begin mysql:='select max( $1 ) from $2'; execute mysql into myID using myFeildName,myTableName; if myID is null or myID=0 then return 1; else return myID+1; end if;end;$$ language plpgsql;--大家可以试一下,上面这个是会报错的--select f_getNewID('department','ID');--出错!

看了官方文档,人家就是这么用的:

EXECUTE 'SELECT count(*) FROM mytable WHERE inserted_by = $1 AND inserted <= $2' INTO c USING checked_user, checked_date;

你确定你看清楚了?????

确定你读完读懂了说明书?????

--这个看了?---------------------------------------EXECUTE 'SELECT count(*) FROM ' || quote_ident(tabname) || ' WHERE inserted_by = $1 AND inserted <= $2' INTO c USING checked_user, checked_date;--这个看了?---------------------------------------EXECUTE 'UPDATE tbl SET ' || quote_ident(colname) || ' = ' || quote_literal(newvalue) || ' WHERE key = ' || quote_literal(keyvalue);--=============================--好吧, 我改------------------------------------------------------drop function f_getNewID(text,text);create or replace function f_getNewID(myTableName text,myFeildName text) returns integer as $$declare mysql text; myID integer;begin mysql:='select max(' || quote_ident(myFeildName) ||') from ' || quote_ident(myTableName); execute mysql into myID; --using myTableName,myFeildName; if myID is null or myID=0 then return 1; else return myID+1; end if;end;$$ language plpgsql;--==============================--漂亮,成功了!--But Why?--注意 对象(表名、字段名等)是不可以直接用变量的,要用 quote_ident()-------------------------------------------------------postgres=# select f_getnewid('department','ID');--错误: 字段 "ID" 不存在--第1行select max("ID") from department ^--查询: select max("ID") from department--背景: 在EXECUTE的第10行的PL/pgSQL函数f_getnewid(text,text)--===============================--什么情况,ID怎么会有双引号,引号,号,号???------------------------------------------------------------这里要感谢大神:权宗亮@飞象数据--改成这样:postgres=# select f_getnewid('department','id'); f_getnewid------------ 2(1 行记录)----终于成功了!大小写还有区别吗??? --but why? --当在命令行输入CREATE TABLE role( ID INT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, r_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, r_paretnID INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0);--结果在pgAdmin里看到的却是小写的--同样,如果是在QUERY TOOLS 下用这样的语句创建还是 所有的字体名为小写--如果我就想大写怎么办????--要这样写CREATE TABLE "RoleUPER"( "ID" INT PRIMARY KEY NOT NULL, r_name VARCHAR(50) NOT NULL, "r_paretnID" INT NOT NULL DEFAULT 0);--再用大象看看

可以了!

总结一下:

1、存储过程(FUNCITON)变量可以直接用 || 拼接。上面没有列出,下面给个栗子:

create or replace function f_getNewID(myTableName text,myFeildName text) returns integer as $$declare mysql text; myID integer;begin mysql:='select max('|| $2 || ' ) from '||$1; execute mysql into myID using myFeildName,myTableName; if myID is null or myID=0 then return 1; else return myID+1; end if;end;$$ language plpgsql;

2、存储过程的对象不可以直接用变量,要用 quote_ident(objVar)

3、$1 $2是 FUNCTION 参数的顺序,如1中的 $1 $2交换,USING 后面的不换 结果 :

select max(myTableName) from myFeildname

4、注意:SQL语句中的大写全部会变成小写,要想大写存大,必须要用双引号。

附:一个完整postgreSQL 存储过程示例

CREATE OR REPLACE FUNCTION mt_f_avl_oee_period(i_station character varying,i_type int) RETURNS integer AS$BODY$DECLARE v_start_hour character varying; v_end_hour character varying; v_start_time character varying; v_end_time character varying; v_start_datetime timestamp; v_end_datetime timestamp; v_type int := 0; v_rtn int;BEGIN-- hour = even, minute > 30-- exists--if i_type = 1 thenSELECT EXTRACT(HOUR FROM CURRENT_TIME - interval '2 hours' ) into v_start_hour; --two hours agoSELECT EXTRACT(HOUR FROM CURRENT_TIME ) into v_end_hour; --get 'hour' of current timeselect v_start_hour || ':30' into v_start_time;select v_end_hour || ':30' into v_end_time;select mt_f_avl_oee_period_e(i_station, to_char( CURRENT_Date, 'YYYY-MM-DD'), v_start_time, v_end_time) into v_rtn;elseSELECT EXTRACT(HOUR FROM CURRENT_TIME - interval '3 hours' ) into v_start_hour;SELECT EXTRACT(HOUR FROM CURRENT_TIME ) into v_end_hour;select v_start_hour || ':30' into v_start_time;select v_end_hour || ':00' into v_end_time;select mt_f_avl_oee_period_midnight(i_station, to_char( CURRENT_Date, 'YYYY-MM-DD'), v_start_time, v_end_time) into v_rtn;end if;RETURN 1;EXCEPTIONWHEN others THEN RAISE;RETURN 0;END;$BODY$ LANGUAGE plpgsql VOLATILE COST 100;ALTER FUNCTION mt_f_avl_oee_period(i_station character varying,i_type int) OWNER TO postgres;

希望本文所述对大家PostgreSQL程序设计有所帮助。

声明:本页内容来源网络,仅供用户参考;我单位不保证亦不表示资料全面及准确无误,也不保证亦不表示这些资料为最新信息,如因任何原因,本网内容或者用户因倚赖本网内容造成任何损失或损害,我单位将不会负任何法律责任。如涉及版权问题,请提交至online#300.cn邮箱联系删除。

相关文章