前言

即将用到爬虫，于是打算收集一下User Agent(UA)数据。接着马上想到自己网站的访问日志不就是现成的优质数据源吗？于是愉快的决定写个脚本统计一下Nginx访问日志中的UA信息。

这类简单操作，用脚本语言就足够，毫无疑问肯定要用最熟悉的PHP。打开vim就开撸，十几分钟下来，功能简单的统计脚本就搞定了。

脚本目前有三个功能：

1. 找出所有的UA信息并排序； 2. 统计操作系统数据； 3. 统计浏览器数据。

程序运行截图如下：

1、UA信息

2、操作系统信息

3、浏览器

用脚本统计最近一个月的访问日志，得到以下结果：

• 搜索引擎爬虫比较频繁，每天有好几千次数据访问；
• Windows仍是份额最大的操作系统，Linux桌面依然份额很小；
• Chrome目前是浏览器领域的霸主，其次是Firefox，Opera已经很小众了。

最后附上PHP脚本的代码，也可以从本人的Github里找到：https://github.com/tlanyan/Scripts/blob/master/statUA.php

#!/usr/bin/php<?php/** * @brief stat UA in access log * * @author tlanyan<tlanyan@hotmail.com> * @link http://tlanyan.me */function getFileList(string $path) : array { return glob(rtrim($path, "/") . "/*access.log*");}function statFiles(array $files) : array { $stat = []; echo PHP_EOL, "start to read files...", PHP_EOL; foreach ($files as $file) { echo "read file: $file ...", PHP_EOL; $contents = getFileContent($file); foreach ($contents as $line) { $ua = getUA($line); if (isset($stat[$ua])) { $stat[$ua] += 1; } else { $stat[$ua] = 1; } } } echo "stat all files done!", PHP_EOL, PHP_EOL; return $stat;}function getFileContent(string $file) : array { if (substr($file, -3, 3) === ".gz") { return gzfile($file); } return file($file);}function getUA(string $line) : ?string { // important! Nginx log format determins the UA location in the line! // You may have to refactor following codes to get the right result // UA starts from fifth double quote $count = 0; $offset = 0; while ($count < 5) { $pos = strpos($line, '"', $offset); if ($pos === false) { echo "Error! Unknown line: $line", PHP_EOL; return null; } $count ++; $offset = $pos + 1; } $end = strpos($line, '"', $offset); return substr($line, $offset, $end - $offset);}function usage() { echo "Usage: php statUA.php [option] [dir]", PHP_EOL; echo " options:", PHP_EOL; echo " -h: show this help", PHP_EOL; echo " -v: verbose mode", PHP_EOL; echo "-n NUM: UA list number", PHP_EOL; echo " dir: directory to the log files", PHP_EOL; echo PHP_EOL;}function filterUA(array& $stat, array $UAFilters) { $filterCount = 0; foreach ($UAFilters as $filter) { foreach ($stat as $ua => $count) { if (stripos($ua, $filter) !== false) { $filterCount += $count; unset($stat[$ua]); } } } echo "filter $filterCount records!", PHP_EOL;}function printCount(array $stat) { $sum = array_sum($stat); foreach ($stat as $key => $count) { echo $key, " : ", $count, ", percent: ", sprintf("%.2f", 100*$count/$sum), PHP_EOL; }}function statOS(array $UAs) : array { global $debug; echo PHP_EOL, "stat OS...", PHP_EOL; $os = ["Windows", "MacOS", "Linux", "Android", "iOS", "other"]; $stat = array_fill_keys($os, 0); foreach ($UAs as $key => $count) { if (strpos($key, "Windows") !== false) { $stat["Windows"] += $count; } else if (strpos($key, "Macintosh") !== false) { $stat["MacOS"] += $count; // must deal Android first, then Linux } else if (strpos($key, "Android") !== false) { $stat["Android"] += $count; } else if (strpos($key, "Linux") !== false) { $stat["Linux"] += $count; } else if (strpos($key, "iPhone") !== false || strpos($key, "iOS") !== false || strpos($key, "like Mac OS") !== false || strpos($key, "Darwin") !== false) { $stat["iOS"] += $count; } else { if ($debug) { echo "other: $key, count: $count", PHP_EOL; } $stat["other"] += $count; } } return $stat;}function statBrowser(array $UAs) : array { global $debug; echo PHP_EOL, "stat brwoser...", PHP_EOL; $browsers = ["Chrome", "Firefox", "IE", "Safari", "Edge", "Opera", "other"]; $stat = array_fill_keys($browsers, 0); foreach ($UAs as $key => $count) { if (strpos($key, "MSIE") !== false) { $stat["IE"] += $count; } else if (strpos($key, "Edge") !== false) { $stat["Edge"] += $count; } else if (strpos($key, "Firefox") !== false) { $stat["Firefox"] += $count; } else if (strpos($key, "OPR") !== false) { $stat["Opera"] += $count; // first Chrome, then Safari } else if (strpos($key, "Chrome") !== false) { $stat["Chrome"] += $count; } else if (strpos($key, "Safari") !== false) { $stat["Safari"] += $count; } else { if ($debug) { echo "other: $key, count: $count", PHP_EOL; } $stat["other"] += $count; } } return $stat;}function parseCmd() { global $debug, $num, $path, $argc, $argv; $optind = null; $options = getopt("hvn:", [], $optind); if ($argc > 2 && empty($options)) { usage(); exit(1); } if (isset($options['h'])) { usage(); exit(0); } if (isset($options['v'])) { $debug = true; } if (isset($options['n'])) { $num = intval($options['n']); if ($num <= 0) { $num = 10; } } if ($argc === 2 && empty($options)) { $path = $argv[1]; } if ($argc > $optind) { $path = $argv[$optind]; } if (!is_dir($path)) { echo "invalid directory: $path", PHP_EOL; exit(1); } if ($debug) { echo "num: $num", PHP_EOL; echo "verbose: ", var_export($debug, true), PHP_EOL; echo "path: $path", PHP_EOL; }}if (version_compare(PHP_VERSION, "7.1") < 0) { exit("scripts require PHP >=7.1");}$path = ".";$debug = false;$num = 10;$UAFilters = [ "spider", "bot", "wget", "curl",];parseCmd();$files = getFileList($path);if (empty($files)) { echo '"' . realpath($path) . '" does not contain access log files.', PHP_EOL; exit(0);}$allUA = statFiles($files);if (empty($allUA)) { echo "no data", PHP_EOL; exit(0);}filterUA($allUA, $UAFilters);// sort array with countuasort($allUA, function ($a, $b) { return $b - $a;});if ($debug) { print_r($allUA);}echo PHP_EOL, "---- top $num UA ----", PHP_EOL;printCount(array_slice($allUA, 0, $num));echo "-------------------", PHP_EOL;$os = statOS($allUA);echo PHP_EOL, "os count:", PHP_EOL;printCount($os);$browser = statBrowser($allUA);echo PHP_EOL, "browser count:", PHP_EOL;printCount($browser);

总结

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