前言、

已经好多天没写博客了，鉴于空闲无聊之时又兴起想写写博客，也当是给自己做个笔记。过了这么些天，我的文笔还是依然那么烂就请多多谅解了。今天主要是分享一下在使用.net core2.0下的实际遇到的情况。在使用webapi时用了identity做用户验证。官方文档是的是用EF存储数据来使用dapper，因为个人偏好原因所以不想用EF。于是乎就去折腾。改成使用dapper做数据存储。于是就有了以下的经验。

一、使用Identity服务

先找到Startup.cs 这个类文件 找到 ConfigureServices 方法

services.AddIdentity<ApplicationUser, ApplicationRole>().AddDefaultTokenProviders();//添加Identityservices.AddTransient<IUserStore<ApplicationUser>, CustomUserStore>();services.AddTransient<IRoleStore<ApplicationRole>, CustomRoleStore>();string connectionString = Configuration.GetConnectionString("SqlConnectionStr");services.AddTransient<SqlConnection>(e => new SqlConnection(connectionString));services.AddTransient<DapperUsersTable>();

然后在 Configure 方法 的 app.UseMvc() 前加入下列代码，net core 1.0的时候是app.UseIdentity() 现在已经弃用改为以下方法。

//使用验证app.UseAuthentication();

这里的 ApplicationUser 是自定义的一个用户模型 具体是继承 IdentityUser 继承它的一些属性

public class ApplicationUser :IdentityUser { public string AuthenticationType { get; set; } public bool IsAuthenticated { get; set; } public string Name { get; set; } }

这里的 CustomUserStore 是自定义提供用户的所有数据操作的方法的类它需要继承三个接口：IUserStore，IUserPasswordStore，IUserEmailStore

IUserStore<TUser>接口是在用户存储中必须实现的唯一接口。 它定义了用于创建、 更新、 删除和检索用户的方法。

IUserPasswordStore<TUser>接口定义实现以保持经过哈希处理的密码的方法。 它包含用于获取和设置工作经过哈希处理的密码，以及用于指示用户是否已设置密码的方法的方法。

IUserEmailStore<TUser>接口定义实现以存储用户电子邮件地址的方法。 它包含用于获取和设置的电子邮件地址和是否确认电子邮件的方法。

这里跟.net core 1.0的实现接口方式有点不同。需要多实现 IUserEmailStore 才能不报错

具体代码如下。以供大家参考。

CustomUserStore

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;using System;using System.Threading.Tasks;using System.Threading;namespace YepMarsCRM.Web.CustomProvider{ /// <summary> /// This store is only partially implemented. It supports user creation and find methods. /// </summary> public class CustomUserStore : IUserStore<ApplicationUser>, IUserPasswordStore<ApplicationUser>, IUserEmailStore<ApplicationUser> { private readonly DapperUsersTable _usersTable; public CustomUserStore(DapperUsersTable usersTable) { _usersTable = usersTable; } #region createuser public async Task<IdentityResult> CreateAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken)) { cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested(); if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user)); return await _usersTable.CreateAsync(user); } #endregion public async Task<IdentityResult> DeleteAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken)) { cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested(); if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user)); return await _usersTable.DeleteAsync(user); } public void Dispose() { } public Task<ApplicationUser> FindByEmailAsync(string normalizedEmail, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { throw new NotImplementedException(); } public async Task<ApplicationUser> FindByIdAsync(string userId, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken)) { cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested(); if (userId == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(userId)); Guid idGuid; if (!Guid.TryParse(userId, out idGuid)) { throw new ArgumentException("Not a valid Guid id", nameof(userId)); } return await _usersTable.FindByIdAsync(idGuid); } public async Task<ApplicationUser> FindByNameAsync(string userName, CancellationToken cancellationToken = default(CancellationToken)) { cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested(); if (userName == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(userName)); return await _usersTable.FindByNameAsync(userName); } public Task<string> GetEmailAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested(); if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user)); return Task.FromResult(user.Email); } public Task<bool> GetEmailConfirmedAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { throw new NotImplementedException(); } public Task<string> GetNormalizedEmailAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { throw new NotImplementedException(); } public Task<string> GetNormalizedUserNameAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { throw new NotImplementedException(); } public Task<string> GetPasswordHashAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested(); if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user)); return Task.FromResult(user.PasswordHash); } public Task<string> GetUserIdAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested(); if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user)); return Task.FromResult(user.Id.ToString()); } public Task<string> GetUserNameAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested(); if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user)); return Task.FromResult(user.UserName); } public Task<bool> HasPasswordAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { throw new NotImplementedException(); } public Task SetEmailAsync(ApplicationUser user, string email, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { throw new NotImplementedException(); } public Task SetEmailConfirmedAsync(ApplicationUser user, bool confirmed, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { throw new NotImplementedException(); } public Task SetNormalizedEmailAsync(ApplicationUser user, string normalizedEmail, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested(); if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user)); if (normalizedEmail == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(normalizedEmail)); user.NormalizedEmail = normalizedEmail; return Task.FromResult<object>(null); } public Task SetNormalizedUserNameAsync(ApplicationUser user, string normalizedName, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested(); if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user)); if (normalizedName == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(normalizedName)); user.NormalizedUserName = normalizedName; return Task.FromResult<object>(null); } public Task SetPasswordHashAsync(ApplicationUser user, string passwordHash, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { cancellationToken.ThrowIfCancellationRequested(); if (user == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(user)); if (passwordHash == null) throw new ArgumentNullException(nameof(passwordHash)); user.PasswordHash = passwordHash; return Task.FromResult<object>(null); } public Task SetUserNameAsync(ApplicationUser user, string userName, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { throw new NotImplementedException(); } public Task<IdentityResult> UpdateAsync(ApplicationUser user, CancellationToken cancellationToken) { return _usersTable.UpdateAsync(user); } }}

二、使用使用dapper做数据存储

接着就是使用dapper做数据存储。该类的方法都是通过 CustomUserStore 调用去操作数据库的。具体代码如下。根据实际的用户表去操作dapper即可。

DapperUsersTable

using Microsoft.AspNetCore.Identity;using System.Threading.Tasks;using System.Threading;using System.Data.SqlClient;using System;using Dapper;using YepMarsCRM.Enterprise.DataBase.Model;using YepMarsCRM.Enterprise.DataBase.Data;namespace YepMarsCRM.Web.CustomProvider{ public class DapperUsersTable { private readonly SqlConnection _connection; private readonly Sys_AccountData _sys_AccountData; public DapperUsersTable(SqlConnection connection) { _connection = connection; _sys_AccountData = new Sys_AccountData(); } private Sys_Account ApplicationUserToAccount(ApplicationUser user) { return new Sys_Account { Id = user.Id, UserName = user.UserName, PasswordHash = user.PasswordHash, Email = user.Email, EmailConfirmed = user.EmailConfirmed, PhoneNumber = user.PhoneNumber, PhoneNumberConfirmed = user.PhoneNumberConfirmed, LockoutEnd = user.LockoutEnd?.DateTime, LockoutEnabled = user.LockoutEnabled, AccessFailedCount = user.AccessFailedCount, }; } #region createuser public async Task<IdentityResult> CreateAsync(ApplicationUser user) { int rows = await _sys_AccountData.InsertAsync(ApplicationUserToAccount(user)); if (rows > 0) { return IdentityResult.Success; } return IdentityResult.Failed(new IdentityError { Description = $"Could not insert user {user.Email}." }); } #endregion public async Task<IdentityResult> DeleteAsync(ApplicationUser user) { //string sql = "DELETE FROM Sys_Account WHERE Id = @Id"; //int rows = await _connection.ExecuteAsync(sql, new { user.Id }); int rows = await _sys_AccountData.DeleteForPKAsync(ApplicationUserToAccount(user)); if (rows > 0) { return IdentityResult.Success; } return IdentityResult.Failed(new IdentityError { Description = $"Could not delete user {user.Email}." }); } public async Task<ApplicationUser> FindByIdAsync(Guid userId) { string sql = "SELECT * FROM Sys_Account WHERE Id = @Id;"; return await _connection.QuerySingleOrDefaultAsync<ApplicationUser>(sql, new { Id = userId }); } public async Task<ApplicationUser> FindByNameAsync(string userName) { string sql = "SELECT * FROM Sys_Account WHERE UserName = @UserName;"; return await _connection.QuerySingleOrDefaultAsync<ApplicationUser>(sql, new { UserName = userName }); //var user = new ApplicationUser() { UserName = userName, Email = userName, EmailConfirmed = false }; //user.PasswordHash = new PasswordHasher<ApplicationUser>().HashPassword(user, "test"); //return await Task.FromResult(user); } public async Task<IdentityResult> UpdateAsync(ApplicationUser applicationUser) { var user = ApplicationUserToAccount(applicationUser); var result = await _sys_AccountData.UpdateForPKAsync(user); if (result > 0) { return IdentityResult.Success; } return IdentityResult.Failed(new IdentityError { Description = $"Could not update user {user.Email}." }); } }}

三、使用UserManager、SignInManager验证操作

新建一个 AccountController 控制器 并在构造函数中获取 依赖注入的对象 UserManager 与 SignInManager 如下：

[Authorize]　　public class AccountController : Controller { private readonly UserManager<ApplicationUser> _userManager; private readonly SignInManager<ApplicationUser> _signInManager; private readonly ILogger _logger;public AccountController(UserManager<ApplicationUser> userManager, SignInManager<ApplicationUser> signInManager, ILoggerFactory loggerFactory) { _userManager = userManager; _signInManager = signInManager; _logger = loggerFactory.CreateLogger<AccountController>(); } }

SignInManager 是提供用户登录登出的API ，UserManager 是提供用户管理的API。

接着来实现一下简单的登录登出。

/// <summary> /// 登录 /// </summary> [HttpPost] [AllowAnonymous] public async Task<IActionResult> Login(ReqLoginModel req) { var json = new JsonResultModel<object>(); if (ModelState.IsValid) { var result = await _signInManager.PasswordSignInAsync(req.UserName, req.Password, isPersistent: true, lockoutOnFailure: false); if (result.Succeeded) { json.code = "200"; json.message = "登录成功"; } else { json.code = "400"; json.message = "登录失败"; } if (result.IsLockedOut) { json.code = "401"; json.message = "账户密码已错误3次，账户被锁定，请30分钟后再尝试"; } } else { var errorMessges = ModelState.GetErrorMessage(); json.code = "403"; json.message = string.Join("，", errorMessges); } return json.ToJsonResult(); }/// <summary> /// 登出 /// </summary> /// <returns></returns> [HttpPost] public async Task<IActionResult> LogOut() {await _signInManager.SignOutAsync(); var json = new JsonResultModel<object>() { code = "200", data = null, message = "登出成功", remark = string.Empty }; return json.ToJsonResult(); }

四、使用Identity配置

在 ConfigureServices 方法中加入

services.Configure<IdentityOptions>(options => { // 密码配置 options.Password.RequireDigit = false;//是否需要数字(0-9). options.Password.RequiredLength = 6;//设置密码长度最小为6 options.Password.RequireNonAlphanumeric = false;//是否包含非字母或数字字符。 options.Password.RequireUppercase = false;//是否需要大写字母(A-Z). options.Password.RequireLowercase = false;//是否需要小写字母(a-z). //options.Password.RequiredUniqueChars = 6; // 锁定设置 options.Lockout.DefaultLockoutTimeSpan = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30);//账户锁定时长30分钟 options.Lockout.MaxFailedAccessAttempts = 3;//10次失败的尝试将账户锁定 //options.Lockout.AllowedForNewUsers = true; // 用户设置 options.User.RequireUniqueEmail = false; //是否Email地址必须唯一 }); services.ConfigureApplicationCookie(options => { // Cookie settings options.Cookie.HttpOnly = true; //options.Cookie.Expiration = TimeSpan.FromMinutes(30);//30分钟 options.Cookie.Expiration = TimeSpan.FromHours(12);//12小时 options.LoginPath = "/api/Account/NotLogin"; // If the LoginPath is not set here, ASP.NET Core will default to /Account/Login //options.LogoutPath = "/api/Account/Logout"; // If the LogoutPath is not set here, ASP.NET Core will default to /Account/Logout //options.AccessDeniedPath = "/Account/AccessDenied"; // If the AccessDeniedPath is not set here, ASP.NET Core will default to /Account/AccessDenied options.SlidingExpiration = true; });

五、其他

在实现的过程中遇到一些小状况。例如Identity不生效。是因为未在app.UseMvc() 之前使用造成的。 如果未登录会造成跳转。后来查看了.net core Identity 的源码后 发现 如果是ajax情况下 不会跳转而时 返回401的状态码页面。

然后就是Idenetity的密码加密 是用 PasswordHasher 这个类去加密的。如果想用自己的加密方式。只能通过继承接口去更改原本的方式。然后大致说到这么些。也当是给自己做做笔记。做得不好请大家多给点意见。多多谅解。谢谢。

以上这篇.net core2.0下使用Identity改用dapper存储数据(实例讲解)就是小编分享给大家的全部内容了，希望能给大家一个参考，也希望大家多多支持。