zuul各版本实现存在一些微小的变化，总的实现思想未改变，以spring-cloud-netflix-core-1.3.6.RELEASE为例

一、zuul的重要的初始化类

org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.ZuulServerAutoConfiguration

org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.ZuulProxyAutoConfiguration

org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.ZuulFilterInitializer

org.springframework.cloud.netflix.zuul.RibbonCommandFactoryConfiguration

ZuulServerAutoConfiguration

初始化路由规则

初始化一些重要的filter如 PreDecorationFilter，RibbonRoutingFilter

初始化ZuulFilterInitializer

初始化ZuulHandlerMapping

代码如下

//路由规则 @Bean @ConditionalOnMissingBean(DiscoveryClientRouteLocator.class) public DiscoveryClientRouteLocator discoveryRouteLocator() { return new DiscoveryClientRouteLocator(this.server.getServletPrefix(), this.discovery, this.zuulProperties, this.serviceRouteMapper); } // pre filters @Bean public PreDecorationFilter preDecorationFilter(RouteLocator routeLocator, ProxyRequestHelper proxyRequestHelper) { return new PreDecorationFilter(routeLocator, this.server.getServletPrefix(), this.zuulProperties, proxyRequestHelper); } // route filters @Bean public RibbonRoutingFilter ribbonRoutingFilter(ProxyRequestHelper helper, RibbonCommandFactory<?> ribbonCommandFactory) { RibbonRoutingFilter filter = new RibbonRoutingFilter(helper, ribbonCommandFactory, this.requestCustomizers); return filter; } @Configuration protected static class ZuulFilterConfiguration { @Autowired private Map<String, ZuulFilter> filters; @Bean public ZuulFilterInitializer zuulFilterInitializer( CounterFactory counterFactory, TracerFactory tracerFactory) { FilterLoader filterLoader = FilterLoader.getInstance(); FilterRegistry filterRegistry = FilterRegistry.instance(); return new ZuulFilterInitializer(this.filters, counterFactory, tracerFactory, filterLoader, filterRegistry); } } @Bean public ZuulController zuulController() { return new ZuulController(); } @Bean public ZuulHandlerMapping zuulHandlerMapping(RouteLocator routes) { ZuulHandlerMapping mapping = new ZuulHandlerMapping(routes, zuulController()); mapping.setErrorController(this.errorController); return mapping; }

ZuulProxyAutoConfiguration

zuulProxAutoConfiguration继承ZuulServerAutoConfiguration功能上和zuulServerAutoConfiguration

主要功能是增加了RibbonCommandFactoryConfiguration的配置，初始化所有的实现ribbon的方式如apache,okhttp。

ZuulFilterInitializer

该类的作用主要是把初始化的过滤器注册到zuul的FilterRegistry，FilterRegistry是一个单例用于初始化路由信息，在ZuulRunner中使用

RibbonCommandFactoryConfiguration

主要作用是配置转发的实现，实现主要有apache，okhttp

二、zuul的转发实现

首先第一步转到ZuulHandlerMapping中的lookupHandler方法，把转发转到zuulController中

@Override protected Object lookupHandler(String urlPath, HttpServletRequest request) throws Exception { if (this.errorController != null && urlPath.equals(this.errorController.getErrorPath())) { return null; } String[] ignored = this.routeLocator.getIgnoredPaths().toArray(new String[0]); if (PatternMatchUtils.simpleMatch(ignored, urlPath)) { return null; } RequestContext ctx = RequestContext.getCurrentContext(); if (ctx.containsKey("forward.to")) { return null; } if (this.dirty) { synchronized (this) { if (this.dirty) { registerHandlers(); this.dirty = false; } } } return super.lookupHandler(urlPath, request); }

第一次访问时dirty为true会初始化一次请求规则如下

private void registerHandlers() { Collection<Route> routes = this.routeLocator.getRoutes(); if (routes.isEmpty()) { this.logger.warn("No routes found from RouteLocator"); } else { for (Route route : routes) { registerHandler(route.getFullPath(), this.zuul); } } }

第二步ZuulController继承ServletWrappingController的会把请求转到ZuulServlet中如下

/** * @author Spencer Gibb */public class ZuulController extends ServletWrappingController { public ZuulController() { setServletClass(ZuulServlet.class); setServletName("zuul"); setSupportedMethods((String[]) null); // Allow all } @Override public ModelAndView handleRequest(HttpServletRequest request, HttpServletResponse response) throws Exception { try { // We don't care about the other features of the base class, just want to // handle the request return super.handleRequestInternal(request, response); } finally { // @see com.netflix.zuul.context.ContextLifecycleFilter.doFilter RequestContext.getCurrentContext().unset(); } }}

第三步ZuulServlet的service方法如下主要执行pre,route,postRoute三种路由器

@Override public void service(javax.servlet.ServletRequest servletRequest, javax.servlet.ServletResponse servletResponse) throws ServletException, IOException { try { init((HttpServletRequest) servletRequest, (HttpServletResponse) servletResponse); // Marks this request as having passed through the "Zuul engine", as opposed to servlets // explicitly bound in web.xml, for which requests will not have the same data attached RequestContext context = RequestContext.getCurrentContext(); context.setZuulEngineRan(); try { preRoute(); } catch (ZuulException e) { error(e); postRoute(); return; } try { route(); } catch (ZuulException e) { error(e); postRoute(); return; } try { postRoute(); } catch (ZuulException e) { error(e); return; } } catch (Throwable e) { error(new ZuulException(e, 500, "UNHANDLED_EXCEPTION_" + e.getClass().getName())); } finally { RequestContext.getCurrentContext().unset(); } }

四、最后由SendResponseFilter执行返回结果,filterOrder为1000所以最好post的filter不要超过1000否则影响返回结果

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