vscode配置C++环境的图文教程

时间:2021-05-19

昨天从下午一直研究到晚上十一点,查阅了很多博客资料,还是没配置好vscode的C++编译环境,今天早上又弄了一下,现在OK了。虽然很多东西的原理不懂,但是现在知道这样就行了,以后用多了应该会慢慢熟悉。第一步,先去官网下载vscode。安装在自己想要的位置即可。vscode官网传送门第二步,去官网下载MinGW。安装在自己想要的位置即可。MinGW官网传送门

进入网站后不要点击 "Download Lasted Version",往下滑,找到最新版的 "x86_64-posix-seh"下载。

第三步,配置MinGW环境变量。

1.复制MinGW路径。

2.打开控制面板、搜索高级系统设置并进入。

3.点击环境变量。

4.双击Path。

5.点击新建。

6.粘贴MinGW地址。

7.将刚才打开的而所有窗口按确定逐个退出。到现在MinGW环境就算是配置好了,接下来可以验证一下是否配置成功:(如果失败的话确保步骤都正确,再试一次)

按下win+r,出现运行窗口,输入cmd

输入g++,回车,会有两种反馈

第一种:环境配置成功

第二种:环境配置失败

提示:'g++' 不是内部或外部命令,也不是可运行的程序或批处理文件。

第四步,打开vscode,点击扩展,先下载一个中文包。

继续在扩展里边搜索C/C++插件并下载

第六步,在你想要的位置新建一个code_test文件夹。然后打开vscode,打开这个文件夹

在code_test文件夹中新建一个test.cpp文件

在test.cpp文件中输入一份简易的测试代码:

#include <stdio.h>#include <windows.h>int main(){ printf("Hello VScode!\nHello C++\n"); system("pause"); return 0;}

按下ctrl+F5,选择C++(GDB/LLDB),再选择g++.exe。


完成上述操作后,会出现launch.json文件,粘贴上下面的代码:(除了"miDebuggerPath"需要改成MinGW的路径,其他应该可以不用改)

{ // 使用 IntelliSense 了解相关属性。 // 悬停以查看现有属性的描述。 // 欲了解更多信息,请访问: https://go.microsoft.com/fwlink/?linkid=830387 "version": "0.2.0", "configurations": [ { "name": "cpp.exe build and debug active file", "type": "cppdbg", "request": "launch", "program": "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe", "args": [], "stopAtEntry": false, "cwd": "${workspaceFolder}", "environment": [], "externalConsole": true, "MIMode": "gdb", "miDebuggerPath": "D:\\2Software\\mingw64\\bin\\gdb.exe", //与mingw64的路径相对应! "setupCommands": [ { "description": "为 gdb 启用整齐打印", "text": "-enable-pretty-printing", "ignoreFailures": true } ], "preLaunchTask": "task g++" //修改此项 } ]}

回到test.cpp文件,按下ctrl+F5,应该会出现下图,点击配置任务,

自动生成tasks.json文件,粘贴下面代码:

{ "version": "2.0.0", "tasks": [ { "type": "shell", "label": "C/C++: cpp.exe build active file", "command": "D:\\2Software\\mingw64\\bin\\cpp.exe", //对应MinGW路径 "args": [ "-g", "${file}", "-o", "${fileDirname}\\${fileBasenameNoExtension}.exe" ], "options": { "cwd": "D:\\2Software\\mingw64\\bin" //对应MinGW路径 }, "problemMatcher": [ "$gcc" ], "group": "build" } ]}

接下来,在code_test文件夹底下应该会有 一个.vscode文件夹,其中已经包含了launch.json文件和tasks.json文件,我们在.vscode中创建一个setting.json文件,并粘贴上下面的代码:

{ "files.associations": { "iostream": "cpp", "cmath": "cpp", "ostream": "cpp", "cstring": "cpp", "queue": "cpp", "chrono": "cpp", "random": "cpp", "limits": "cpp", "valarray": "cpp", "*.tcc": "cpp", "iosfwd": "cpp", "bitset": "cpp", "complex": "cpp", "cstddef": "cpp", "iomanip": "cpp", "istream": "cpp", "algorithm": "cpp", "map": "cpp", "array": "cpp", "atomic": "cpp", "cctype": "cpp", "cfenv": "cpp", "charconv": "cpp", "cinttypes": "cpp", "clocale": "cpp", "codecvt": "cpp", "condition_variable": "cpp", "csetjmp": "cpp", "csignal": "cpp", "cstdarg": "cpp", "cstdint": "cpp", "cstdio": "cpp", "cstdlib": "cpp", "ctime": "cpp", "cuchar": "cpp", "cwchar": "cpp", "cwctype": "cpp", "deque": "cpp", "forward_list": "cpp", "list": "cpp", "unordered_map": "cpp", "unordered_set": "cpp", "vector": "cpp", "exception": "cpp", "functional": "cpp", "iterator": "cpp", "memory": "cpp", "memory_resource": "cpp", "numeric": "cpp", "optional": "cpp", "ratio": "cpp", "regex": "cpp", "set": "cpp", "string": "cpp", "string_view": "cpp", "system_error": "cpp", "tuple": "cpp", "type_traits": "cpp", "utility": "cpp", "fstream": "cpp", "future": "cpp", "initializer_list": "cpp", "mutex": "cpp", "new": "cpp", "scoped_allocator": "cpp", "shared_mutex": "cpp", "sstream": "cpp", "stdexcept": "cpp", "streambuf": "cpp", "thread": "cpp", "typeindex": "cpp", "typeinfo": "cpp" }}

这时,我们返回到test.cpp文件,按下ctrl+F5,应该就可以正常编译运行了。

总结

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